Philoponus: On Aristotle On the Soul 2.7-12, Philoponus

Автор: Philoponus
Название: Philoponus: On Aristotle on the Soul 1.3-5
ISBN: 1472557786 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781472557780
Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic
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Описание: Rejects accounts of soul which define it as moving, as cognitive, or in physical terms. Chapter 3 considers Aristotle`s attack on the idea that the soul is in motion. What we would call the mind-body relation is the subject of Chapter 4. In Chapter 5, the author endorses Aristotle`s rejection of the idea that the soul is particles.

Автор: Philoponus
Название: Philoponus: On Aristotle On the Soul 2.1-6
ISBN: 1472557727 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781472557728
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Описание: In `On The Soul` 2.1-6, Aristotle gives a very different account of the soul from Plato`s by tying the soul to the body. He defines soul and life by reference to the capacities for using food to maintain structure and reproduce, for perceiving and desiring. Philoponus gives a `cognitive` view.

Автор: W. Charlton
Название: `Philoponus`: On Aristotle On the Soul 3.9-13 with Stephanus: On Aristotle On Interpretation
ISBN: 1472558502 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781472558503
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Описание: The earlier part of the commentary by 'Philoponus' on Aristotle's On the Soul is translated by William Charlton in another volume in the series. This volume includes the latter part of the commentary along with a translation of Stephanus' commentary on Aristotle 's On Interpretation. It thus enables readers to assess for themselves Charlton's view that the commentary once ascribed to Philoponus should in fact be ascribed to Stephanus. The two treatises of Aristotle here commented on are very different from each other. In On Interpretation Aristotle studies the logic of opposed pairs of statements. It is in this context that Aristotle discusses the nature of language and the implications for determinism of opposed predictions about a future occurrence, such as a sea-battle. And Stephanus, like his predecessor Ammonius, brings in other deterministic arguments not considered by Aristotle ('The Reaper' and the argument from God's foreknowledge). In On the Soul 3.9-13, Aristotle introduces a theory of action and motivation and sums up the role of perception in animal life. Despite the differences in subject matter between the two texts, Charlton is able to make a good case for Stephanus' authorship of both commentaries. He also sees Stephanus as preserving what was valuable from Ammonius' earlier commentary On Interpretation, while bringing to bear the virtue of greater concision. At the same time, Stephanus reveals his Christian affiliations, in contrast to Ammonius, his pagan predecessor.

Автор: Philoponus
Название: Philoponus: On Aristotle On the Soul 1.1-2
ISBN: 1472557778 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781472557773
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Описание: This text by Philoponus, the sixth-century commentator on Aristotle, is notable for its informative introduction to psychology, which tells us the views of Philoponus, of his teacher and of later Neoplatonists on our psychological capacities and on mind-body relations. There is an unusual account of how reason can infer a universally valid conclusion from a single instance, and there are inherited views on the roles of intellect and perception in concept formation, and on the human ability to make reasoned decisions, celebrated by Aristotle, but here downgraded. Philoponus attacks Galen's view that psychological capacities follow, or result from, bodily chemistry; they merely supervene on that and can be counteracted. He has benefited from Galen's knowledge of the brain and nerves, but also propounds the Neoplatonist belief in tenuous bodies which after death support our irrational souls temporarily, or our reason eternally.

Автор: Philoponus
Название: Philoponus: On Aristotle Physics 1.4-9
ISBN: 1472557824 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781472557827
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Описание: Explores a range of questions about the basic structure of reality, the nature of prime matter, the principles of change, the relation between form and matter, and the issue of whether things can come into being out of nothing, and if so, in what sense that is true.

Автор: Johannes van Ophuijsen, Keimpe Algra
Название: Philoponus: On Aristotle Physics 4.1-5
ISBN: 1472558006 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781472558008
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Описание: The first translation into English of this commentary, written by the sixth-century philosopher Philoponus on Aristotle Physics book four, chapters one to five, in which he explains Aristotle`s account of place to elementary students.

Автор: W. Charlton
Название: `Philoponus`: On Aristotle On the Soul 3.1-8
ISBN: 1472558499 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781472558497
Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic
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In On the Soul 3.1-8, Aristotle first discusses the functions common to all five senses, such as self-awareness, and then moves on to Imagination and Intellect.
This commentary on Aristotle's text has traditionally been ascribed to Philoponus, but William Charlton argues here that it should be ascribed to a later commentator, Stephanus. (The quotation marks used around his name indicate this disputed authorship.) 'Philoponus' reports the postulation of a special faculty for self-awareness, intended to preserve the unity of the person. He disagrees with 'Simplicius', the author of another commentary on On the Soul (also available in this series), by insisting that Imagination can apprehend things as true or false, and he disagrees with Aristotle by saying that we are not always free to imagine them otherwise than as they are. On Aristotle's Active Intellect. 'Philoponus' surveys different interpretations, but ascribes to Plutarch of Athens, and rejects, the view adopted by the real Philoponus in his commentary on Aristotle's On Intellect that we have innate intellectual knowledge from a previous existence. Instead he takes the view that the Active Intellect enables us to form concepts by abstraction through serving as a model of something already separate from matter. Our commentator further disagrees with the real Philoponus by denying the Idealistic view that Platonic forms are intellects.
Charlton sees 'Philoponus' as the excellent teacher and expositor that Stephanus was said to be.

Автор: William Charlton
Название: Philoponus: On Aristotle On the Intellect (de Anima 3.4-8)
ISBN: 1780934378 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781780934372
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In his commentary on a portion of Aristotle's de Anima (On the Soul) known as de Intellectu (On the Intellect), Philoponus drew on both Christian and Neoplatonic traditions as he reinterpreted Aristotle's views on such key questions as the immortality of the soul, the role of images in thought, the character of sense perception and the presence within the soul of universals.
Although it is one of the richest and most interesting of the ancient works on Aristotle, Philoponus' commentary has survived only in William of Moerbeke's thirteenth-century Latin translation from a partly indecipherable Greek manuscript. The present version, the first translation into English, is based upon William Charlton's penetrating scholarly analysis of Moerbeke's text.

Автор: Goldin Owen
Название: Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 1.19-34
ISBN: 1472557999 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781472557995
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Описание: This translation into English of part of the commentary of the sixth-century philosopher Philoponus on Aristotle`s Posterior Analytics deals with the important topic of explanation though scientific demonstration.

Автор: Philoponus
Название: Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 1.9-18
ISBN: 1472557972 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781472557971
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Описание: In Posterior Analytics Aristotle elaborates his assessment of how universal truths of science can be scientifically explained as inevitable in demonstrative proofs. In this commentary Philoponus takes these issues further.

Автор: Christian Wildberg
Название: Philoponus: Against Aristotle on the Eternity of the World
ISBN: 1780933592 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781780933597
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Описание: Philoponus` treatise Against Aristotle on the Eternity of the World, an attack on Aristotle`s astronomy and theology is concerned mainly with the eternity and divinity of the fifth element, or `quintessence`, of which Aristotle took the stars to be composed.

Автор: Mark Edwards
Название: Philoponus: On Aristotle Physics 3
ISBN: 1780934343 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781780934341
Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic
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Book 3 of Aristotle's Physics primarily concerns two important concepts for his theory of nature: change and infinity. Change is important because, in Book 2, he has defined nature - the subject-matter of the Physics - as an internal source of change. Much of his discussion is dedicated to showing that the change occurs in the patient which undergoes it, not in the agent which causes it. Thus Book 3 is an important step in clearing the way for Book 8's claims for a divine mover who causes change but in whom no change occurs.
The second half of Book 3 introduces Aristotle's doctrine of infinity as something which is always potential, never actual, never traversed and never multiplied. Here, as elsewhere, Philoponus the Christian turns Aristotle's own infinity arguments against the pagan Neoplatonist belief in a beginningless universe. Such a universe, Philoponus replies, would involve actual infinity of past years already traversed, and a multiple number of past days. The commentary also contains intimations of the doctrine of impetus - which has been regarded, in its medieval context, as a scientific revolution - as well as striking examples of Philoponus' use of thought experiments to establish philosophical and broadly scientific conclusions.