The first comprehensive history of the Turkish economy
The population and economy of the area within the present-day borders of Turkey has consistently been among the largest in the developing world, yet there has been no authoritative economic history of Turkey until now. In Uneven Centuries, Şevket Pamuk examines the economic growth and human development of Turkey over the past two hundred years.
Taking a comparative global perspective, Pamuk investigates Turkey's economic history through four periods: the open economy during the nineteenth-century Ottoman era, the transition from empire to nation-state that spanned the two world wars and the Great Depression, the continued protectionism and import-substituting industrialization after World War II, and the neoliberal policies and the opening of the economy after 1980. Making use of indices of GDP per capita, trade, wages, health, and education, Pamuk argues that Turkey's long-term economic trends cannot be explained only by immediate causes such as economic policies, rates of investment, productivity growth, and structural change.
Uneven Centuries offers a deeper analysis of the essential forces underlying Turkey's development--its institutions and their evolution--to make better sense of the country's unique history and to provide important insights into the patterns of growth in developing countries during the past two centuries.
Название: Uneven Development in South East Asia ISBN: 1138359238 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138359239 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 71450.00 T Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка. Описание: First published in 1997, this volume responds to the rapid change in mid-1980s South East Asia, exploring the uneven distribution of development within the region and providing broad coverage of different aspects of this unevenness at both the regional and national levels.
Автор: Huggins Robert, Thompson Piers Название: A Behavioural Theory of Economic Development: The Uneven Evolution of Cities and Regions ISBN: 0198832346 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780198832348 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 189290.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book establishes a novel behavioural theory of economic development to illustrate that differences in human behaviour across cities and regions, both individually and collectively, are a significant deep-rooted cause of uneven development within and across nations.
Название: From Uneven Growth to Inclusive Development: Romania`s Path to Shared Prosperity ISBN: 1464813175 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781464813177 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 31350.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Reforms spurred by accession to the European Union (EU) boosted productivity and integrated Romania into the EU economic space. Gross domestic product per capita rose from 30 percent of the EU average in 1995 to 59 percent in 2016. Today, over 70 percent of the country's exports go to the EU, and their technological complexity is increasing rapidly. Yet, Romania remains the country in the EU with by far the largest share of poor people, with over a quarter of the population living on less than $5.50 a day. There are widening disparities in economic opportunity and poverty across regions and between urban and rural areas. Although Bucharest has already exceeded the EU average income per capita, and many secondary cities are becoming hubs of prosperity and innovation, Romania remains one of the least urbanized countries in the EU. Access to public services remains constrained for many citizens, particularly in rural areas, and there is a large infrastructure gap, which is a drag on the international competitiveness of the more dynamic areas of Romania while limiting economic opportunities in lagging and rural areas. Growth is constrained by weak commitment to policy implementation, creating a poor business environment and misallocation of resources to politically connected firms. Equal opportunities are constrained by weak local service delivery and an inability to ensure sufficient local funding due to patronage-based politics. And resilience to natural disasters and climate change is constrained by lack of coordination between central and local authorities. As argued in this report, Romania has no choice but to address these institutional challenges if it is to sustain the impressive growth performance of recent years, share prosperity among all of its citizens, and improve its resilience to natural hazards.
Название: Uneven Development in South East Asia ISBN: 1138359289 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138359284 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 24490.00 T Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка. Описание: First published in 1997, this volume responds to the rapid change in mid-1980s South East Asia, exploring the uneven distribution of development within the region and providing broad coverage of different aspects of this unevenness at both the regional and national levels.
Over the past two decades, China has rapidly increased its spending on its public pension programs, to the point that pension funding is one of the government's largest expenditures. Despite this, only about fifty million citizens—one-third of the country's population above the age of sixty—receive pensions. Combined with the growing and increasingly violent unrest over inequalities brought about by China's reform model, the escalating costs of an aging society have brought the Chinese political leadership to a critical juncture in its economic and social policies.
In Socialist Insecurity, Mark W. Frazier explores pension policy in the People's Republic of China, arguing that the government's push to expand pension and health insurance coverage to urban residents and rural migrants has not reduced, but rather reproduced, economic inequalities. He explains this apparent paradox by analyzing the decisions of the political actors responsible for pension reform: urban officials and state-owned enterprise managers. Frazier shows that China's highly decentralized pension administration both encourages the "grabbing hand" of local officials to collect large amounts of pension and other social insurance revenue and compels redistribution of these revenues to urban pensioners, a crucial political constituency.
More broadly, Socialist Insecurity shows that the inequalities of welfare policy put China in the same quandary as other large uneven developers—countries that have succeeded in achieving rapid growth but with growing economic inequalities. While most explanations of the formation and expansion of welfare states are derived from experience in today's mature welfare systems, developing countries such as China, Frazier argues, provide new terrain to explore how welfare programs evolve, who drives the process, and who sees the greatest benefit.
Автор: Anievas Alexander, Matin Kamran Название: Historical Sociology and World History: Uneven and Combined Development Over the Longue Duree ISBN: 1783486821 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781783486823 Издательство: Bloomsbury Рейтинг: Цена: 44550.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book is the first to offer a full exploration of the theory of uneven and combined development
Автор: Rajan S. Irudaya Название: India Migration Report 2020: Kerala Model of Migration Surveys ISBN: 0367625563 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780367625566 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 163330.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: India Migration Report 2020 examines how surveys operate to collect, analyse and bring to life socio-economic issues in social science research, with a focus on the strategies and the importance of information collected by Kerala Migration Surveys since 1998.
Автор: B. A. Prakash Название: Local Finance, Fiscal Decentralisation and Decentralised Planning: A Kerala Experience ISBN: 9353883091 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789353883096 Издательство: Sage Publications Рейтинг: Цена: 47520.00 T Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии. Описание: The book examines Kerala’s experience of fiscal decentralization, finances and decentralized planning of rural and urban local governments, and draws lessons for achieving sound fiscal decentralization. It presents the 5th State Finance Commission’s approach and methodology on the devolution of the State taxes to local governments. This book presents a number of lessons on the transfer of financial powers, mobilization of own sources of revenue and inter-governmental transfer of funds, and argues that the outcome of fiscal decentralization in Kerala is poor or unsatisfactory due to partial and distorted implementation. It shows that transferring a large number of expenditure functions at an early stage of fiscal decentralization without the assignment of adequate administrative and financial powers has resulted in poor execution of all the functions. The study points out the need to move from partial to full fiscal decentralization.
Автор: Rolf Steven Название: China`s Uneven and Combined Development ISBN: 3030555585 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783030555580 Издательство: Springer Цена: 69870.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Fear of geopolitical catastrophe drove China to open its economy, while GPNs enabled China to generate substantial export surpluses which could be recycled through state-owned banks as cheap credit and subsidies to large, vertically integrated and politically-controlled state-owned enterprises.
Автор: Dutt Название: Growth, Distribution and Uneven Development ISBN: 1316601382 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781316601389 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 29570.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book presents an international study of economic growth and income distribution, with a focus on North-South differences. The text discusses the topic from a purely theoretical perspective, comparing the relations between economies by using formal mathematical models.
Автор: Anievas Alexander, Matin Kamran Название: Historical Sociology and World History: Uneven and Combined Development over the Longue Durйe ISBN: 1783486813 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781783486816 Издательство: Bloomsbury Рейтинг: Цена: 129690.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book is the first to offer a full exploration of the theory of uneven and combined development
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