The Structural Prevention of Mass Atrocities, McLoughlin, Stephen
Автор: Leader Maynard, Jonathan (lecturer In International Politics, Lecturer In International Politics, Department Of Political Economy, King`s College Lond Название: Ideology and mass killing ISBN: 0198776799 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780198776796 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 95040.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Ideology and Mass Killing offers the first dedicated study of the role of radical ideologies in different kinds of `mass killing`, such as genocides, large-scale war crimes, and campaigns of state terror.
Events of the last decade demand new approaches to atrocity prevention that are adaptable, innovative and independent of a state-centered doctrine. With the aim of reducing risk factors such as civil war, Ackerman and Merriman argue for a new normative framework called The Right to Assist (RtoA), which would strengthen international coordination and support for nonviolent civil resistance campaigns demanding rights, freedom and justice against non-democratic rule.
RtoA would:
1. engage a wide range of stakeholders such as NGOs, states, multilateral institutions and others;
2. bolster various factors of resilience against state fragility; and
3. incentivize opposition groups to sustain commitment to nonviolent strategies of change.
The adoption of this doctrine can reduce the probability of violent conflict that significantly heightens atrocity risk, while increasing the prospects for constructive human development.
Since the end of World War II and the founding of the United Nations, genocide, crimes against humanity and other war crimes—mass atrocities—have been explicitly illegal. When such crimes are committed, the international community has an obligation to respond: the human rights of the victims outweigh the sovereignty claims of states that engage in or allow such human rights violations. This obligation has come to be known as the responsibility to protect. Yet, parallel to this responsibility, two other related responsibilities have developed: to prosecute those responsible for the crimes, and to provide humanitarian relief to the victims—what the author calls the responsibility to palliate. Even though this rhetoric of protecting those in need is well used by the international community, its application in practice has been erratic at best. In International Responses to Mass Atrocities in Africa, Kurt Mills develops a typology of responses to mass atrocities, investigates the limitations of these responses, and calls for such responses to be implemented in a more timely and thoughtful manner. Mills considers four cases of international responses to mass atrocities—in Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, and Darfur—putting the cases into historical context and analyzing them according to the typology, showing how the responses interact. Although all are intended to address human suffering, they are very different types of actions and accomplish different things, over different timescales, on different orders of magnitude, and by very different types of actors. But the critical question is whether they accomplish their objectives in a mutually supportive way—and what the trade-offs in using one or more of these responses may be. By expanding the understanding of international responsibilities, Mills provides critical analysis of the possibilities for the international community to respond to humanitarian crises.
Автор: Bellamy, Alex J. Название: Massacres and Morality ISBN: 0198714769 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780198714767 Издательство: Oxford Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 46450.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Starting with the French Revolution Massacres and Morality studies mass killing as perpetrated by states. In particular it examines the role that civilian immunity has played in shaping the behaviour of perpetrators and how international society has responded.
Автор: Crowe, David Название: Crimes of State Past and Present ISBN: 0415577888 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780415577885 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 91860.00 T Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Автор: Crowe, David Название: Crimes of State Past and Present ISBN: 0415509009 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780415509008 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 30610.00 T Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
A look at the duty of nations to protect human rights beyond borders, why it has failed in practice, and what can be done about it
The idea that states share a responsibility to shield people everywhere from atrocities is presently under threat. Despite some early twenty-first century successes, including the 2005 United Nations endorsement of the Responsibility to Protect, the project has been placed into jeopardy due to catastrophes in such places as Syria, Myanmar, and Yemen; resurgent nationalism; and growing global antagonism. In Sharing Responsibility, Luke Glanville seeks to diagnose the current crisis in international protection by exploring its long and troubled history. With attention to ethics, law, and politics, he measures what possibilities remain for protecting people wherever they reside from atrocities, despite formidable challenges in the international arena. With a focus on Western natural law and the European society of states, Glanville shows that the history of the shared responsibility to protect is marked by courageous efforts, as well as troubling ties to Western imperialism, evasion, and abuse. The project of safeguarding vulnerable populations can undoubtedly devolve into blame shifting and hypocrisy, but can also spark effective burden sharing among nations. Glanville considers how states should support this responsibility, whether it can be coherently codified in law, the extent to which states have embraced their responsibilities, and what might lead them to do so more reliably in the future. Sharing Responsibility wrestles with how countries should care for imperiled people and how the ideal of the responsibility to protect might inspire just behavior in an imperfect and troubled world.
Since the Nuremberg trials following World War II, there has been considerable debate about the nature and effects of war crimes with regard both to the Nazis and to modern-day perpetrators. What constitutes a “war crime,” and how has the concept changed over time? How do victors and vanquished deal with crimes that have universal as well as national dimensions? How is the historical reality of war crimes related to their judicial treatment? How are perpetrators portrayed during investigations and trials?
These timely and provocative essays make use of newly available archival sources and a wide range of case studies to provide in-depth analyses of war crimes within a broad historical framework. The essays are organized into four sections: the history of war-crime trials from Weimar Germany to just after World War II; the sometimes diverging Allied efforts to come to terms with the Nazi concentration camp system; the ability of postwar society to confront war crimes of the past; and the legacy of war-crime trials in the twenty-first century. Atrocities on Trial illuminates a dark and timely subject and helps us to understand the ongoing struggle to hold accountable those who perpetrate crimes against humanity.
Автор: Kaiyuan, Zhang Название: Eyewitnesses to Massacre ISBN: 0765606852 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780765606853 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 53070.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Lu Suping Название: The 1937 - 1938 Nanjing Atrocities ISBN: 9811396582 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789811396588 Издательство: Springer Цена: 139750.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание:
Preface.- Japanese Military Expansion.- The Road to Nanjing.- Brutality Following the Fall of Nanjing: Large-Scale Massacres.- Small-Scale Mass Executions and Individual Killings.- Raping, Looting, and Burning.- Testimonies by Chinese Survivors and Witnesses.- Japanese Soldiers' Accounts.- International Committee for Nanjing Safety Zone and Westerners in Nanjing.- Media Coverage in English, Chinese and Japanese.- American, British, and German Diplomatic Documents.- Disposing of Victim Bodies.- Post-War Military Tribunals.- Controversies over the Nanjing Massacre.- The 100-Man Killing Contest and Controversies.- Notes.- Bibliography.- Index.
Автор: Shanafelt Robert, Pino Nathan W. Название: Rethinking Serial Murder, Spree Killing, and Atrocities: Beyond the Usual Distinctions ISBN: 0367599988 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780367599980 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 42870.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Multiple killings by serial or spree killers and the mass violence seen in war crimes and other atrocities have typically been understood as discrete category types, which can foster the view that there are fundamentally different kinds of human beings, including "deviants" who are innately given to sadism or lack of empathy. This book considers
Автор: Suping Lu Название: The 1937 – 1938 Nanjing Atrocities ISBN: 9811396558 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789811396557 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 139750.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book presents a comprehensive overview of the Nanjing Massacre, together with an in-depth analysis of various aspects of the event and related issues. Drawing on original source materials collected from various national archives, national libraries, church historical society archives, and university libraries in China, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom and the United States, it represents the first English-language academic attempt to analyze the Nanjing Massacre in such detail and scope.
The book examines massacres and other killings, in addition to other war crimes, such as rape, looting, and burning. These atrocities are then explored further via a historical analysis of Chinese survivors’ testimony, Japanese soldiers’ diaries, Westerners’ eyewitness accounts, the news coverage from American and British correspondents, and American, British and German diplomatic dispatches. Further, the book explores issues such as the role and function of the International Committee for Nanking Safety Zone, burial records of massacre victims, post-war military tribunals, controversies over the Nanjing Massacre, and the 100-Man Killing Contest.
This book is intended for all researchers, scholars, graduate and undergraduate students, and members of the general public who are interested in Second World War issues, Sino-Japanese conflicts, Sino-Japan relations, war crimes, atrocity and holocaust studies, military tribunals for war crimes, Japanese atrocities in China, and the Nanjing Massacre.
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