Are mass violence and catastrophes the only forces that can seriously decrease economic inequality? To judge by thousands of years of history, the answer is yes. Tracing the global history of inequality from the Stone Age to today, Walter Scheidel shows that inequality never dies peacefully. Inequality declines when carnage and disaster strike and increases when peace and stability return. The Great Leveler is the first book to chart the crucial role of violent shocks in reducing inequality over the full sweep of human history around the world.
Ever since humans began to farm, herd livestock, and pass on their assets to future generations, economic inequality has been a defining feature of civilization. Over thousands of years, only violent events have significantly lessened inequality. The "Four Horsemen" of leveling--mass-mobilization warfare, transformative revolutions, state collapse, and catastrophic plagues--have repeatedly destroyed the fortunes of the rich. Scheidel identifies and examines these processes, from the crises of the earliest civilizations to the cataclysmic world wars and communist revolutions of the twentieth century. Today, the violence that reduced inequality in the past seems to have diminished, and that is a good thing. But it casts serious doubt on the prospects for a more equal future.
An essential contribution to the debate about inequality, The Great Leveler provides important new insights about why inequality is so persistent--and why it is unlikely to decline anytime soon.
Автор: Chi-kwan Mark Название: The Everyday Cold War: Britain and China, 1950-1972 ISBN: 1474265448 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781474265447 Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic Рейтинг: Цена: 126720.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: In 1950 the British government accorded diplomatic recognition to the newly founded People’s Republic of China. But it took 22 years for Britain to establish full diplomatic relations with China. How far was Britain’s China policy a failure until 1972? This book argues that Britain and China were involved in the ‘everyday Cold War’, or a continuous process of contestation and cooperation that allowed them to ‘normalize’ their confrontation in the absence of full diplomatic relations. From Vietnam and Taiwan to the mainland and Hong Kong, China’s ‘everyday Cold War’ against Britain was marked by diplomatic ritual, propaganda rhetoric and symbolic gestures. Rather than pursuing a failed policy of ‘appeasement’, British decision-makers and diplomats regarded engagement or negotiation with China as the best way of fighting the ‘everyday Cold War’. Based on extensive British and Chinese archival sources, this book examines not only the high politics of Anglo-Chinese relations, but also how the British diplomats experienced the Cold War at the local level.
Автор: Chi-kwan Mark Название: The Everyday Cold War: Britain and China, 1950-1972 ISBN: 1350109193 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781350109193 Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic Рейтинг: Цена: 35890.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: In 1950 the British government accorded diplomatic recognition to the newly founded People's Republic of China. But it took 22 years for Britain to establish full diplomatic relations with China. How far was Britain's China policy a failure until 1972? This book argues that Britain and China were involved in the 'everyday Cold War', or a continuous process of contestation and cooperation that allowed them to 'normalize' their confrontation in the absence of full diplomatic relations. From Vietnam and Taiwan to the mainland and Hong Kong, China's 'everyday Cold War' against Britain was marked by diplomatic ritual, propaganda rhetoric and symbolic gestures. Rather than pursuing a failed policy of 'appeasement', British decision-makers and diplomats regarded engagement or negotiation with China as the best way of fighting the 'everyday Cold War'.
Based on extensive British and Chinese archival sources, this book examines not only the high politics of Anglo-Chinese relations, but also how the British diplomats experienced the Cold War at the local level.
Автор: Pettigrew Judith Название: Maoists at the Hearth ISBN: 0812244923 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780812244922 Издательство: Wiley EDC Рейтинг: Цена: 61770.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание:
The Maoist insurgency in Nepal lasted from 1996 to 2006, and at the pinnacle of their armed success the Maoists controlled much of the countryside. Maoists at the Hearth, which is based on ethnographic research that commenced more than a decade before the escalation of the civil war in 2001, explores the daily life in a hill village in central Nepal, during the "People's War." From the everyday routines before the arrival of the Maoists in the late 1990s through the insurgency and its aftermath, this book examines the changing social relationships among fellow villagers and parties to the conflict. War is not an interruption that suspends social processes. Life in the village focused as usual on social challenges, interpersonal relationships, and essential duties such as managing agricultural work, running households, and organizing development projects. But as Judith Pettigrew shows, social life, cultural practices, and routine activities are reshaped in uncertain and dangerous circumstances. The book considers how these activities were conducted under dramatically transformed conditions and discusses the challenges (and, sometimes, opportunities) that the villagers confronted. By considering local spatial arrangements and their adaptation, Pettigrew explores people's reactions when they lost control of the personal, public, and sacred spaces of the village. A central consideration of Maoists at the Hearth is an exploration of how local social tensions were realized and renegotiated as people supported (and sometimes betrayed) each other and of how villager-Maoist relationships (and to a lesser extent villager-army relationships), which drew on a range of culturally patterned preexisting relationships, were reforged, transformed, or renegotiated in the context of the conflict and its aftermath.
Автор: Walker Rebecca S. Название: Enduring Violence ISBN: 1526108631 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781526108630 Издательство: NBN International Рейтинг: Цена: 38880.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book provides a rich ethnography of how Tamil-speaking communities in Batticaloa live through and make sense of a violence that shapes everyday life itself. -- .
Автор: Moulding Название: Gendered Violence, Abuse and Mental Health in Everyday Lives ISBN: 0415739454 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780415739450 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 178640.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This innovative volume offers new insights into the social dimensions of emotional distress in abuse-related mental illness. Looking at how individuals can overcome the impact of abuse over the course of their lives, Moulding maps a feminist-informed recovery-oriented approaches to therapy and prevention.
Автор: Moulding, Nicole Название: Gendered Violence, Abuse and Mental Health in Everyday Lives ISBN: 0367345803 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780367345808 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 40820.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This innovative volume offers new insights into the social dimensions of emotional distress in abuse-related mental illness. Looking at how individuals can overcome the impact of abuse over the course of their lives, Moulding maps a feminist-informed recovery-oriented approaches to therapy and prevention.
Автор: Becerril, Michael Wilson Название: Resisting extractivism ISBN: 0826501575 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780826501578 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 32340.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Through an ethnographic and systematic comparison of four gold mining conflicts in Peru, Resisting Extractivism presents a vivid account of subtle and routine forms of violence, analysing how meaning making practices render certain types of damage and suffering noticeable while occluding others.
Автор: Feldman Shelley, Geisler Charles, Menon Gayatri a. Название: Accumulating Insecurity: Violence and Dispossession in the Making of Everyday Life ISBN: 0820338737 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780820338736 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 50970.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Examines the relationship between two vitally important contemporary phenomena: a fixation on security that justifies global military engagements and the militarization of civilian life, and the dramatic increase in day-to-day insecurity associated with contemporary crises in health care, housing, incarceration, personal debt, and unemployment.
Автор: Feldman Shelley, Geisler Charles, Menon Gayatri a. Название: Accumulating Insecurity: Violence and Dispossession in the Making of Everyday Life ISBN: 0820338729 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780820338729 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 194570.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Examines the relationship between two vitally important contemporary phenomena: a fixation on security that justifies global military engagements and the militarization of civilian life, and the dramatic increase in day-to-day insecurity associated with contemporary crises in health care, housing, incarceration, personal debt, and unemployment.
Автор: Aliraza Javaid Название: Violence in Everyday Life: Power, Gender and Sexuality ISBN: 1786997231 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781786997234 Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic Рейтинг: Цена: 31670.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Examines how hegemonic masculinity is reproduced not only through violence against women, but violence in an LGBTQ+ context, as well as showing how violence is in turn fuelled by society`s attitudes towards masculinity.
Автор: Michael Wilson Becerril Название: Resisting Extractivism: Peruvian Gold, Everyday Violence, and the Politics of Attention ISBN: 0826501583 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780826501585 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 92400.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Peru is classified as one of the deadliest countries in the world for environmental defenders, where activists face many forms of violence. Through an ethnographic and systematic comparison of four gold mining conflicts in Peru, Resisting Extractivism presents a vivid account of subtle and routine forms of violence, analyzing how meaning making practices render certain types of damage and suffering noticeable while occluding others. The book thus builds a ground-up theory of violence—how it is framed, how it impacts people's lived experiences, and how it can be confronted. By excavating how the everyday interactions that underlie conflicts are discursively concealed and highlighted, this study assists in the prevention and transformation of violence over resource extraction in Latin America.
The book draws on a controlled, qualitative comparison of four case studies, extensive ethnographic research conducted over fourteen months of fieldwork, analysis of over 900 archives and documents, and unprecedented access to more than 250 semi structured interviews with key actors across industry, the state, civil society, and the media. Michael Wilson Becerril identifies, traces, and compares these dynamics to explain how similar cases can lead to contrasting outcomes-insights that may be usefully applied in other contexts to save lives and build better futures.
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