A book that finally demystifies Newton's experiments in alchemy
When Isaac Newton's alchemical papers surfaced at a Sotheby's auction in 1936, the quantity and seeming incoherence of the manuscripts was shocking. No longer the exemplar of Enlightenment rationality, the legendary physicist suddenly became "the last of the magicians." Newton the Alchemist unlocks the secrets of Newton's alchemical quest, providing a radically new understanding of the uncommon genius who probed nature at its deepest levels in pursuit of empirical knowledge.
In this evocative and superbly written book, William Newman blends in-depth analysis of newly available texts with laboratory replications of Newton's actual experiments in alchemy. He does not justify Newton's alchemical research as part of a religious search for God in the physical world, nor does he argue that Newton studied alchemy to learn about gravitational attraction. Newman traces the evolution of Newton's alchemical ideas and practices over a span of more than three decades, showing how they proved fruitful in diverse scientific fields. A precise experimenter in the realm of "chymistry," Newton put the allusive riddles of alchemy to the test in his lab. He also used ideas drawn from the alchemical texts to great effect in his optical experimentation. In his hands, alchemy was a tool for attaining the material benefits associated with the philosopher's stone and an instrument for acquiring scientific knowledge of the most sophisticated kind.
Newton the Alchemist provides rare insights into a man who was neither Enlightenment rationalist nor irrational magus, but rather an alchemist who sought through experiment and empiricism to alter nature at its very heart.
Автор: John Beaver Название: The Physics and Art of Photography, Volume 3: Detectors and the Meaning of Digital ISBN: 1643273833 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781643273839 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 58480.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book uses art photography as a point of departure for learning about physics, while also using physics as a point of departure for asking fundamental questions about the nature of photography as an art. Although not a how-to manual, the topics center around hands-on applications, sometimes illustrated by photographic processes that are inexpensive and easily accessible to students (including a versatile new process developed by the author, and first described in print in this series). A central theme is the connection between the physical interaction of light and matter on the one hand, and the artistry of the photographic processes and their results on the other. This is the third volume in this three-part series that uses art photography as a point of departure for learning about physics, while also using physics as a point of departure for asking fundamental questions about the nature of photography as an art. It focuses on the physics and chemistry of photographic light-sensitive materials, as well as the human retina. It also considers the fundamental nature of digital photography and its relationship to the analog photography that preceded it.
Автор: Gao Название: The Meaning of the Wave Function ISBN: 1107124352 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107124356 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 132000.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Covering much of the recent debate, this ambitious text for students and researchers provides new, decisive proof of the reality of the wave function, improving the PBR theorem and reviewing competing views in this field, which has been a hot topic of debate since the early days of quantum mechanics.
An annotated facsimile edition of Einstein's handwritten manuscript on the foundations of general relativity
This richly annotated facsimile edition of "The Foundation of General Relativity" introduces a new generation of readers to Albert Einstein's theory of gravitation. Written in 1915, this remarkable document is a watershed in the history of physics and an enduring testament to the elegance and precision of Einstein's thought. Presented here is a beautiful facsimile of Einstein's original handwritten manuscript, along with its English translation and an insightful page-by-page commentary that places the work in historical and scientific context. Hanoch Gutfreund and J rgen Renn's concise introduction traces Einstein's intellectual odyssey from special to general relativity, and their essay "The Charm of a Manuscript" provides a delightful meditation on the varied afterlife of Einstein's text. Featuring a foreword by John Stachel, this handsome edition also includes a biographical glossary of the figures discussed in the book, a comprehensive bibliography, suggestions for further reading, and numerous photos and illustrations throughout.
Автор: Gao Shan Название: Meaning of the Wave Function ISBN: 1108464238 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781108464239 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 40130.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Covering much of the recent debate, this ambitious text for students and researchers provides new, decisive proof of the reality of the wave function, improving the PBR theorem and reviewing competing views in this field, which has been a hot topic of debate since the early days of quantum mechanics.
Автор: Woodford, Peter J. Название: Moral meaning of nature the ISBN: 022653975X ISBN-13(EAN): 9780226539751 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 84480.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: What, if anything, does biological evolution tell us about the nature of religion, ethical values, or even the meaning and purpose of life? The Moral Meaning of Nature sheds new light on these enduring questions by examining the significance of an earlier--and unjustly neglected--discussion of Darwin in late nineteenth-century Germany. We start with Friedrich Nietzsche, whose writings staged one of the first confrontations with the Christian tradition using the resources of Darwinian thought. The lebensphilosophie, or "life-philosophy," that arose from his engagement with evolutionary ideas drew responses from other influential thinkers, including Franz Overbeck, Georg Simmel, and Heinrich Rickert. These critics all offered cogent challenges to Nietzsche's appropriation of the newly transforming biological sciences, his negotiation between science and religion, and his interpretation of the implications of Darwinian thought. They also each proposed alternative ways of making sense of Nietzsche's unique question concerning the meaning of biological evolution "for life." At the heart of the discussion were debates about the relation of facts and values, the place of divine purpose in the understanding of nonhuman and human agency, the concept of life, and the question of whether the sciences could offer resources to satisfy the human urge to discover sources of value in biological processes. The Moral Meaning of Nature focuses on the historical background of these questions, exposing the complex ways in which they recur in contemporary philosophical debate.
Автор: John Beaver Название: The Physics and Art of Photography, Volume 3: Detectors and the Meaning of Digital ISBN: 1643273876 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781643273877 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 93330.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Uses art photography as a point of departure for learning about physics, while also using physics as a point of departure for asking fundamental questions about the nature of photography as an art. Although not a how-to manual, the topics centre around hands-on applications, illustrated by photographic processes easily accessible to students.
The first comprehensive look at menopause from prehistory to today
Are the ways we look at menopause all wrong? Historian Susan Mattern says yes, and The Slow Moon Climbs reveals just how wrong we have been. Taking readers from the rainforests of Paraguay to the streets of Tokyo, Mattern draws on historical, scientific, and cultural research to reveal how our perceptions of menopause developed from prehistory to today. For most of human history, people had no word for menopause and did not view it as a medical condition. Rather, in traditional foraging and agrarian societies, it was a transition to another important life stage. This book, then, introduces new ways of understanding life beyond fertility.
Mattern examines the fascinating "Grandmother Hypothesis"--which argues for the importance of elders in the rearing of future generations--as well as other evolutionary theories that have generated surprising insights about menopause and the place of older people in society. She looks at agricultural communities where households relied on postreproductive women for the family's survival. And she explores the emergence of menopause as a medical condition in the Western world. It was only around 1700 that people began to see menopause as a dangerous pathological disorder linked to upsetting symptoms that rendered women weak and vulnerable. Mattern argues that menopause was another syndrome, like hysterical suffocation or melancholia, that emerged or reemerged in early modern Europe in tandem with the rise of a professional medical class.
The Slow Moon Climbs casts menopause, at last, in the positive light it deserves--not only as an essential life stage, but also as a key factor in the history of human flourishing.
Автор: Haller John S. Название: Fictions of Certitude: Science, Faith, and the Search for Meaning, 1840-1920 ISBN: 0817320539 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780817320539 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 45940.00 T Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка. Описание: The search for belief and meaning among nineteenth-century intellectuals.The nineteenth century's explosion of scientific theories and new technologies undermined many deep-seated beliefs that had long formed the basis of Western society, making it impossible for many to retain the unconditional faith of their forebears. A myriad of discoveries - including Faraday's electromagnetic induction, Joule's law of conservation of energy, Pasteur's germ theory, Darwin's and Wallace's theories of evolution by natural selection, and Planck's work on quantum theory - shattered conventional understandings of the world that had been dictated by traditional religious teachings and philosophical systems for centuries.Fictions of Certitude: Science, Faith, and the Search for Meaning, 1840-1920 investigates the fin de si?cle search for truth and meaning in a world that had been radically transformed. John S. Haller Jr. examines the moral and philosophical journeys of nine European and American intellectuals who sought deeper understanding amid such paradigmatic upheaval. Auguste Comte, John Henry Newman, Herbert Spencer, Alfred Russel Wallace, Thomas Henry Huxley, John Fiske, William James, Lester Frank Ward, and Paul Carus all belonged to an age in which one world was passing, while another world that was both astounding and threatening was rising to take its place.For Haller, what makes the work of these nine thinkers worthy of examination is how they strove in different ways to find certitude and belief in the face of an epochal sea change. Some found ways to reconceptualize a world in which God and nature coexist. For others, the challenge was to discern meaning in a world in which no higher power or purpose can be found. As explained by D. H. Myer, 'The later Victorians were perhaps the last generation among English-speaking intellectuals able to believe that man was capable of understanding his universe, just as they were the first generation collectively to suspect that he never would.
Автор: Lemov Rebecca Название: Database of Dreams: The Lost Quest to Catalog Humanity ISBN: 0300209525 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780300209525 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 26400.00 T Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ. Описание: An acclaimed science historian uncovers the fascinating story of a "lost" project to unlock humanity`s common denominator that prefigured the emergence of Big Data
Автор: Jonathan Sterne Название: MP3: The Meaning of a Format ISBN: 0822352834 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780822352839 Издательство: Wiley EDC Рейтинг: Цена: 110970.00 T Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка. Описание:
MP3: The Meaning of a Format recounts the hundred-year history of the world's most common format for recorded audio. Understanding the historical meaning of the MP3 format entails rethinking the place of digital technologies in the larger universe of twentieth-century communication history, from hearing research conducted by the telephone industry in the 1910s, through the mid-century development of perceptual coding (the technology underlying the MP3), to the format's promiscuous social life since the mid 1990s.
MP3s are products of compression, a process that removes sounds unlikely to be heard from recordings. Although media history is often characterized as a progression toward greater definition, fidelity, and truthfulness, MP3: The Meaning of a Format illuminates the crucial role of compression in the development of modern media and sound culture. Taking the history of compression as his point of departure, Jonathan Sterne investigates the relationships among sound, silence, sense, and noise; the commodity status of recorded sound and the economic role of piracy; and the importance of standards in the governance of our emerging media culture. He demonstrates that formats, standards, and infrastructures—and the need for content to fit inside them—are every bit as central to communication as the boxes we call "media."
A major new history of the race between two geniuses to decipher ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs, set against the backdrop of nineteenth-century Europe
In 1799, a French Army officer was rebuilding the defenses of a fort on the banks of the Nile when he discovered an ancient stele fragment bearing a decree inscribed in three different scripts. So begins one of the most familiar tales in Egyptology--that of the Rosetta Stone and the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphs. This book draws on fresh archival evidence to provide a major new account of how the English polymath Thomas Young and the French philologist Jean-Fran ois Champollion vied to be the first to solve the riddle of the Rosetta. Jed Buchwald and Diane Greco Josefowicz bring to life a bygone age of intellectual adventure. Much more than a decoding exercise centered on a single artifact, the race to decipher the Rosetta Stone reflected broader disputes about language, historical evidence, biblical truth, and the value of classical learning. Buchwald and Josefowicz paint compelling portraits of Young and Champollion, two gifted intellects with altogether different motivations. Young disdained Egyptian culture and saw Egyptian writing as a means to greater knowledge about Greco-Roman antiquity. Champollion, swept up in the political chaos of Restoration France and fiercely opposed to the scholars aligned with throne and altar, admired ancient Egypt and was prepared to upend conventional wisdom to solve the mystery of the hieroglyphs. Taking readers from the hushed lecture rooms of the Institut de France to the windswept monuments of the Valley of the Kings, The Riddle of the Rosetta reveals the untold story behind one of the nineteenth century's most thrilling discoveries.
-- "Kirkus Reviews"
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