Global Productivity: Trends, Drivers, and Policies, Dieppe Alistair

Автор: Cusolito, Ana Paula Maloney, William F.
Название: Reviving global productivity
ISBN: 1464813345 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781464813344
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 33400.00 T
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Описание: The stagnation of productivity in the developing world, and indeed, across the globe, over the last two decades dictates a rethinking of productivity measurement, analysis, and policy. Reviving Global Productivity presents a “second wave” of thinking in three key areas of productivity analysis and its implications for productivity policies.The volume calls into question the measurement and relevance of distortions as the primary barrier to productivity growth, urges a broader concept of firm performance that goes beyond efficiency to quality upgrading and demand expansion, and explores what it takes to generate an experimental and innovative society where entrepreneurs have the personal characteristics to identify new technologies and manage risk within an entrepreneurial ecosystem that facilitates their doing so. It also reviews arguments surrounding industrial policies.The authors argue for an integrated approach to productivity analysis that incorporates both the need to reduce economic distortions and generate the human capital capable of identifying the opportunities offered to follower countries and upgrade firm capabilities. Finally, it offers guidance on prioritizing policies when there is uncertainty around diagnostics and limited government capability.

Автор: Almeida Rita, Robalino David, Behrman Jere
Название: Skills Toward Employment and Productivity: Emerging Trends and Successful Experiences
ISBN: 0821387146 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780821387146
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 22170.00 T
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Описание: Creating jobs and increasing productivity are at the top of agenda for policymakers across the world. Knowledge accumulation and skills are recognized as central in this process. More-educated workers not only have better employment opportunities, earn more, and have more stable and rewarding jobs, but also they are more adaptable and mobile. Workers who acquire more skills also make other workers and capital more productive and, within the firm, they facilitate the adaptation, adoption, and ultimately invention of new technologies. This is crucial to enable economic diversification, productivity growth, and ultimately raise the standards of living of the population. This report brings new ideas on how to build and upgrade job relevant skills, focusing on three types of training programs relevant for individuals who are leaving the formal general schooling system or are already in the labor market: pre-employment technical and vocational education and training (TVET); on-the-job training (OJT); and training-related active labor market programs (ALMPs). Several previous studies have discussed some of the flaws in current systems and outlined options for reform. As a consequence, there has been a shift away from the investment in pre-vocational training courses to programs to improve access to and the quality of general secondary education. There have also been calls to encourage a stronger involvement of the private sector in the provision of training, together with increased emphasis in the quality and relevance of the content. One result has been a push to rethink the governance and financing arrangements of training institutions. But overall policies at these three levels of the training systems remain disconnected and there has not been an integrated framework linking them to the market and government failures that need to be addressed. This book makes two important contributions. First, it takes an in-depth look at the types of market and government failures that can result in underinvestment in training or the supply of skills that are not immediately relevant to the labor market. Second, building on the analysis of the limitations of both markets and governments and the results of case studies and recent impact evaluations, the report develops new ideas to improve the design and performance of current training systems.

Автор: Jongrim Ha, Ayhan Kose, Franziska Ohnsorge
Название: Inflation in Emerging and Developing Economies: Evolution, Drivers, and Policies
ISBN: 1464813752 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781464813757
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 45980.00 T
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Описание: This is the first comprehensive study in the context of EMDEs that covers, in one consistent framework, the evolution and global and domestic drivers of inflation, the role of expectations, exchange rate pass-through and policy implications. In addition, the report analyzes inflation and monetary policy related challenges in LICs. The report documents three major findings: In First, EMDE disinflation over the past four decades was to a significant degree a result of favorable external developments, pointing to the risk of rising EMDE inflation if global inflation were to increase. In particular, the decline in EMDE inflation has been supported by broad-based global disinflation amid rapid international trade and financial integration and the disruption caused by the global financial crisis. While domestic factors continue to be the main drivers of short-term movements in EMDE inflation, the role of global factors has risen by one-half between the 1970s and the 2000s. On average, global shocks, especially oil price swings and global demand shocks have accounted for more than one-quarter of domestic inflation variatio--and more in countries with stronger global linkages and greater reliance on commodity imports. In LICs, global food and energy price shocks accounted for another 12 percent of core inflation variatio--half more than in advanced economies and one-fifth more than in non-LIC EMDEs. Second, inflation expectations continue to be less well-anchored in EMDEs than in advanced economies, although a move to inflation targeting and better fiscal frameworks has helped strengthen monetary policy credibility. Lower monetary policy credibility and exchange rate flexibility have also been associated with higher pass-through of exchange rate shocks into domestic inflation in the event of global shocks, which have accounted for half of EMDE exchange rate variation. Third, in part because of poorly anchored inflation expectations, the transmission of global commodity price shocks to domestic LIC inflation (combined with unintended consequences of other government policies) can have material implications for poverty: the global food price spikes in 2010-11 tipped roughly 8 million people into poverty.

Автор: Umar G. Benna
Название: Industrial and Urban Growth Policies at the Sub-National, National, and Global Levels
ISBN: 1522576258 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781522576259
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 199590.00 T
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Описание: Recent global shifts in population have led to the fast urbanization of Africa. For Africa and the developing world, choosing the right policy strategies, processes, and tools are essential to turning urban centers into engines of industry and economic prosperity.Industrial and Urban Growth Policies at the Sub-National, National, and Global Levels is a pivotal reference source that examines current and evolving conditions of industrial and urban policies and their relationships around the world, especially between developed and developing economies. While highlighting topics such as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, urban policy, and global common good, this publication seeks to deepen and broaden the understanding of transformation in industrial development and responses to emerging urbanization processes. This book is ideally designed for industrial planners, entrepreneurs, urban development authorities, policymakers, academicians, researchers, and students.

Автор: Umar G. Benna
Название: Industrial and Urban Growth Policies at the Sub-National, National, and Global Levels
ISBN: 1522585877 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781522585879
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 150610.00 T
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Описание: Recent global shifts in population have led to the fast urbanization of Africa. For Africa and the developing world, choosing the right policy strategies, processes, and tools are essential to turning urban centers into engines of industry and economic prosperity.Industrial and Urban Growth Policies at the Sub-National, National, and Global Levels is a pivotal reference source that examines current and evolving conditions of industrial and urban policies and their relationships around the world, especially between developed and developing economies. While highlighting topics such as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, urban policy, and global common good, this publication seeks to deepen and broaden the understanding of transformation in industrial development and responses to emerging urbanization processes. This book is ideally designed for industrial planners, entrepreneurs, urban development authorities, policymakers, academicians, researchers, and students.

Автор: John D Mijovic
Название: Macroeconomic Policies in Countries of the Global South
ISBN: 153615752X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781536157529
Издательство: Nova Science
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Цена: 215410.00 T
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Описание: The volume examines macroeconomic policies for developing countries. The chapters analyse the kind of macroeconomic policies that are more conducive to inclusive and sustainable growth in developing countries. They also investigate whether particular fiscal, monetary, and exchange-rate policies have similar effects in developed and developing countries or whether these effects are country specific. The volume demonstrates that while there are no one-size-fits-all policy prescriptions, some general principles can be drawn from the experiences of successful countries. The volume is a useful addition to the scant literature dealing with macroeconomic policies for inclusive and sustainable development, and policymakers will find it useful in designing policies for achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). The volume will also be useful for higher degree research students, especially in the area of inclusive and sustainable development.

Автор: Arestis Philip, Sawyer Malcolm
Название: Economic Policies Since the Global Financial Crisis
ISBN: 3319868667 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319868660
Издательство: Springer
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Цена: 149060.00 T
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Описание: This book investigates the changing nature of economic policies following the Global Financial Crisis of 2007-9. Well-respected, international scholars come together to discuss the level of economic growth following the crisis, concerns over inequality in industrialised countries, and labour market policies.

Автор: Ghosh Jayati
Название: Informal Women Workers in the Global South: Policies and Practices for the Formalisation of Women`s Employment in Developing Economies
ISBN: 0367545993 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780367545994
Издательство: Taylor&Francis
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Цена: 148010.00 T
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Описание: This book examines the varying trajectories of formalisation and their impact on women workers in five developing countries in Asia and Africa: India, Thailand, South Africa, Ghana and Morocco. It provides new evidence that will be applicable across a wide range of developing country contexts.

Автор: Beard T
Название: Global Organ Shortage
ISBN: 0804784094 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780804784092
Издательство: Wiley EDC
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Цена: 68640.00 T
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Although organ transplants provide the best, and often the only, effective therapy for many otherwise fatal conditions, the great benefits of transplantation go largely unrealized because of failures in the organ acquisition process. In the United States, for instance, more than 10,000 people die every year either awaiting transplantation, or as a result of deteriorating health exacerbated by the shortage of organs.

Issues pertaining to organ donation and transplantation represent, perhaps, the most complex and morally controversial medical dilemmas aside from abortion and euthanasia. However, these quandaries are not unsolvable. This book proposes compensating organ donors within a publicly controlled monopsony. This proposal is quite similar to current practice in Spain, where compensation for cadaveric donation now occurs "in secret," as this text reveals.

To build their recommendations, the authors provide a medical history of transplantation, a history of the development of national laws and waiting lists, a careful examination of the social costs and benefits of transplantation, a discussion of the causes of organ shortages, an evaluation of "partial" reforms tried or proposed, an extensive ethical evaluation of the current system and its competitors.

Автор: De Grauwe Paul
Название: Exchange Rates and Global Financial Policies
ISBN: 9814513180 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789814513180
Издательство: World Scientific Publishing
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Цена: 195360.00 T
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Описание: Exchange Rates and Global Financial Policies brings together research and work done by world-class economist Paul De Grauwe over the past two decades. Drawing inspiration from behavioural finance literature, De Grauwe covers topics such as exchange rate economics, monetary integration (with particular attention on the Eurozone), and international macroeconomics.His work is categorised across three parts. The first part develops new theoretical and empirical approaches to exchange rate modelling. The second part features a collection of papers on the theory and empirical analysis of monetary unions. The final part contains criticism of mainstream macroeconomic models as well as proposed alternative modelling approaches.

Автор: Thies Cameron, Peterson Timothy, Cameron Thies
Название: Intra-Industry Trade: Cooperation and Conflict in the Global Political Economy
ISBN: 0804791333 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780804791335
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 62700.00 T
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Intra-Industry Trade calls for us to rethink what trade most often looks like and how it shapes global institutions, fostering peace among states. Cameron G. Thies and Timothy M. Peterson argue that our understanding of trade has not kept pace with its changing nature in the 21st century; existing models, rooted in Ricardo's theories, regard trade uniformly as taking place between entities and countries that offer different commodities and operate according to the logic of comparative advantage. Though this type of exchange does take place, intra-industry trade--international trade of the same or similar commodities, in which foreign and domestic brands compete--is increasingly prevalent. The authors argue that our current academic and policymaking focus on the total volume of trade, rather than its composition, is misplaced. Trade composition matters, not just because it gives us a fuller understanding of how trade works, but also because intra-industry trade increases the likelihood of positive institutional relations and cooperation between states. To illustrate their point, the authors examine the effects that intra-industry trade has on Preferential Trade Agreement formation, its tendency to lessen World Trade Organization disputes and militarized conflict, and its ability to pave the way for new and fortified alliances.