Teaching ESL and Stem Content Through Call: A Research-Based Interdisciplinary Critical Pedagogical Approach, Sehlaoui Abdelilah Salim

Автор: Omar Mounkachi, Abdelilah Benyoussef, Mohamed Hamedoun
Название: First-Principle vs Experimental Design of Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors
ISBN: 1536140775 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781536140774
Издательство: Nova Science
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Описание: Recent discoveries have given rise to a new class of electronics known as "spin electronics" or "spintronics," which uses the electron spin rather than its charge to create polarized currents. Spintronics is currently experiencing an extraordinary development with the manufacture of nanoscale devices based on ferromagnetic materials and semiconductors. Their applications are numerous, ranging from recording, electronics, and optoelectronics to quantum information. Spintronics is a new generation of electronics that has brought and continues to bring a lot of progress to information storage; this is due to the discovery of new materials with new functionalities and multiple applications. The discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in 1988 by Albert Fert and Peter GrA"nberg (receiver of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2007) is considered a starting point of spintronics. GMR is based on the variation of the electric current in the presence of a magnetic field. The spintronics has made important contributions to the miniaturization desired for electronics; it uses nanometric components for processing and storing information. However, the limits of miniaturization on a nanometric scale are known, and it is imperative to develop new ways and new materials to exceed those limits. The most desired properties for these materials are high spin polarization, modular magnetic properties by an electric field and a long lifetime of the spin polarization. Among the new promising materials, we cite the following: Diluted magnetic semiconductors, which give new magnetic properties of conventional semiconductors, functional oxides (including the semi-metals and multiferroic metals) and organic semiconductors. The main theoretical challenge in this area is to understand how the macroscopic magnetic behavior observed results from interactions of a large number of degrees of microscopic freedom. In these systems the disorder is an essential parameter of magnetic phenomena, and due to random locations of impurity atoms it can lead to a total physical difference from the observed absence. There has been considerable recent advances in the design of these materials as diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS, or diluted magnetic semiconductors), and a number of semiconductors were investigated as II-VI group and III-V group doped compounds, with transition metals substituting their original cations. There are several different theoretical approaches to study these magnetic materials. The ab-initio approach starts from the SchrA¶dinger equation to simulate a given material. Such an approach is essential to determine the parameters and microscopic properties of such a system. In this book, the authors analyzed the electronic structure of magnetic semiconductors diluted in the case of ZnO, GaN, SnO2, TiO2, MgH2, EuO and EuN doped RENs (RE=GdN, DyN and HoN). The authors focused on magnetic, optical and exchange mechanisms which control the ferromagnetism in these systems. The purpose of this book is to propose some ideas to answer the most important question in material science for semiconductor spintronics, primarily considering how room-temperature ferromagnetism in DMS can be realized. Additionally, the correlation between first principle and experimental design to see how properties of yet-to-be-synthesized materials can be predicted is discussed.

Автор: Hamdouchi Abdelilah
Название: The Butcher of Casablanca
ISBN: 9774169689 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789774169687
Издательство: Неизвестно
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Описание: A serial killer taunts Casablanca's most famous detective, Hanash, in this nail-biting Moroccan noir, a follow-up to Bled Dry

A series of gruesome murders shakes the city of Casablanca. The killer knows exactly how the police will pursue him and how to obliterate evidence that could lead them to identify his victims.

Fear spreads throughout the city as rumors abound that a serial killer is on the loose. Detective Hanash, despite his reputation, has hit a dead end. But he knows the killer will make a mistake, and it is up to him and his team to hunt down and capture this brutal criminal.

Then comes the most audacious homicide yet: the victim is found on the first day of the Eid holiday, directly outside the police headquarters in the center of town.

Is the killer taunting the police and its famous detective? And could this be the crime that contains the clue that Hanash has been waiting for?

Автор: Hamdouchi Abdelilah
Название: Bled Dry
ISBN: 9774168488 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789774168482
Издательство: Неизвестно
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Описание: The first book in the Detective Hanash crime series

Автор: Omar Mounkachi, Abdelilah Benyoussef, Mohamed Hamedoun
Название: First-Principle vs Experimental Design of Nanomaterials
ISBN: 153613984X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781536139846
Издательство: Nova Science
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Описание: The first-principle approach is designed for the interpretation of the experimental observations and prediction of properties for new nanomaterials. The understanding of physical phenomena requires a description at the atomic scale where size and geometric organization play important roles. The major challenge is to model systems as close as possible to those developed in the laboratory. The complexity both in terms of the geometric structure and chemical composition that comprise the modeling of such systems requires an entire panel of approaches ranging from semi-empirical methods to ab initio methods. At the atomic scale, the elementary bricks of the buildings are atoms. The cohesion and dynamics of these buildings are the result of interactions between these atoms. Two major classes of modeling techniques for these buildings can be distinguished: Electronic structure calculations and molecular simulation methods. Molecular simulation methods are limited in their application since they cannot be used to model properties that depend on the electronic structure. As part of the electronic structure calculations, the building is described by the notion of wave function. One of the fundamental tasks of quantum physics is to solve a differential equation according to the electronic, nuclear and spin coordinates via the Schrodinger equation. The resolution of this equation in analytical form is impossible, except in the case of hydrogenites. Different numerical resolution methods have been developed based on a series of simplifications and successive approximation techniques. Once solved, this equation gives the total energy of the system, the associated wave function, and the energies of the electronic states. These methods are applied at a temperature of zero and at a fixed pressure. There are several families of methods: Semi-empirical methods, Hartree-Fock (HF) methods and density functional (DFT) methods. From the dependence of the total energy on the volume of the mesh, we can deduce the equilibrium crystalline parameters, the modulus of rigidity or the enthalpy of formation. Finally and above all, they allow, through studies of electronic structure, to identify the phenomena that govern the substitutions. In other words, thanks to the fundamental laws of quantum physics, it is possible to compute macroscopic properties from microscopic information. The interface between the first-principle and experimental design could provide a way to answer a lot of problems and open questions on the physical properties of nanomaterials. The purpose of this book is to propose some ideas to answer the most important question in the design of nanomaterials (OD,1D and 2D) for nanotechnology application, namely, nanomaterials for spintronic application, nanomaterials for solar energy technologies application, magnetic refrigeration applications, switchable materials application and nanomedicine applications. Additionally, the author will discuss the correlation between the first-principle and experimental design to see how the properties of the yet-to-be-synthesized nanomaterials can be predicted. Based on experimental and on first-principle calculations design, the author will discuss structural, optical and magnetic properties of new nanomaterials. New physical properties will be discussed in nanomaterials recently observed, and this creates new opportunities for development and construction of a new nanomaterial for nanotechnology applications.