After the fall of the Porfirio Díaz regime, pueblo representatives sent hundreds of petitions to Pres. Francisco I. Madero, demanding that the executive branch of government assume the judiciary’s control over their unresolved lawsuits against landowners, local bosses, and other villages. The Madero administration tried to use existing laws to settle land conflicts but always stopped short of invading judicial authority.
In contrast, the two main agrarian reform programs undertaken in revolutionary Mexico—those implemented by Emiliano Zapata and Venustiano Carranza—subordinated the judiciary to the executive branch and thereby reshaped the postrevolutionary state with the support of villagers, who actively sided with one branch of government over another.
In Matters of Justice Helga Baitenmann offers the first detailed account of the Zapatista and Carrancista agrarian reform programs as they were implemented in practice at the local level and then reconfigured in response to unanticipated inter- and intravillage conflicts. Ultimately, the Zapatista land reform, which sought to redistribute land throughout the country, remained an unfulfilled utopia. In contrast, Carrancista laws, intended to resolve quickly an urgent problem in a time of war, had lasting effects on the legal rights of millions of land beneficiaries and accidentally became the pillar of a program that redistributed about half the national territory.
A detailed study of early historical preservation efforts between the 1780s and the 1850s In Historic Real Estate, Whitney Martinko shows how Americans in the fledgling United States pointed to evidence of the past in the world around them and debated whether, and how, to preserve historic structures as permanent features of the new nation's landscape. From Indigenous mounds in the Ohio Valley to Independence Hall in Philadelphia; from Benjamin Franklin's childhood home in Boston to St. Philip's Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina; from Dutch colonial manors of the Hudson Valley to Henry Clay's Kentucky estate, early advocates of preservation strove not only to place boundaries on competitive real estate markets but also to determine what should not be for sale, how consumers should behave, and how certain types of labor should be valued. Before historic preservation existed as we know it today, many Americans articulated eclectic and sometimes contradictory definitions of architectural preservation to work out practical strategies for defining the relationship between public good and private profit. In arguing for the preservation of houses of worship and Indigenous earthworks, for example, some invoked the "public interest" of their stewards to strengthen corporate control of these collective spaces. Meanwhile, businessmen and political partisans adopted preservation of commercial sites to create opportunities for, and limits on, individual profit in a growing marketplace of goods. And owners of old houses and ancestral estates developed methods of preservation to reconcile competing demands for the seclusion of, and access to, American homes to shape the ways that capitalism affected family economies. In these ways, individuals harnessed preservation to garner political, economic, and social profit from the performance of public service. Ultimately, Martinko argues, by portraying the problems of the real estate market as social rather than economic, advocates of preservation affirmed a capitalist system of land development by promising to make it moral.
Автор: Susan A. Brewer Название: Best Land: Four Hundred Years of Love and Betrayal on Oneida Territory ISBN: 0801452597 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780801452598 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 29220.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: In Susan A. Brewer's fascinating The Best Land, she recounts the story of the parcel of central New York land on which she grew up. Brewer and her family had worked and lived on this land for generations when the Oneida Indians claimed that it rightfully belonged to them. Why, she wondered, did she not know what had happened to this place her grandfather called the best land. Here, she tells its story, tracing over the past four hundred years the two families—her own European settler family and the Oneida/Mohawk family of Polly Denny—who called the best land home. Situated on the passageway to the west, the ancestral land of the Oneidas was coveted by European colonizers and the founders of the Empire State. The Brewer and Denny families took part in imperial wars, the American Revolution, broken treaties, the building of the Erie Canal, Native removal, the rise and decline of family farms, bitter land claims controversies, and the revival of the Oneida Indian Nation. As Brewer makes clear in The Best Land, through centuries of violence, bravery, greed, generosity, racism, and love, the lives of the Brewer and Denny families were profoundly intertwined. The story of this homeland, she discovers, unsettles the history she thought she knew. With clear determination to tell history as it was, without sugarcoating or ignoring the pain and suffering of both families, Brewer navigates the interconnected stories with grace, humility, and a deep love for the land. The Best Land is a beautiful homage to the people, the place, and the environment itself.
Автор: Brendan O`Brien Название: Homesick: Why Housing Is Unaffordable and How We Can Change It ISBN: 1641609699 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781641609692 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 18480.00 T Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии. Описание: Nobody who sits in traffic on Sedona, Arizona’s main stretch or stands shoulder-to-shoulder in its many souvenir shops would call it a ghost town. Neither would anyone renting a room for $2,000 a month or buying a house for a half-million dollars. And yet, the people who built the small town and made it a community are being pushed further and further out. Their home is being sold out from under their feet. In studying the impact of short-term rentals, Brendan O'Brien saw something similar happening in places ranging from Bend, Oregon, to Bar Harbor, Maine. But it isn't just short-term rentals, and it's not just tourism towns. Neighborhoods in Austin and Atlanta have become rows of investment properties. Longtime residents in Spokane and Boston have been replaced by new, high-salaried remote workers. Across the country, a level of unaffordable housing which once seemed unique to global cities like New York and San Francisco has become the norm, with nearly a third of all US households considered housing cost-burdened. This situation has been aided by the direct actions of developers, politicians, and existing homeowners who have sought to drive up the cost of housing. But it's mostly happened due to a societal-wide refusal to see housing as anything more than real estate, another product available to the highest bidder. This trend of putting local housing on a global market has worsened in recent years but is nothing new. Housing in the United States has always been marred by racial and income inequality that mocks the country’s highest ideals. Deeply researched and deeply felt, Homesick argues that we can be so much better. And we can start where we live.
Автор: Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor Название: Race for Profit: How Banks and the Real Estate Industry Undermined Black Homeownership ISBN: 1469653664 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781469653662 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 33270.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor offers a damning chronicle of the twilight of redlining and the introduction of conventional real estate practices into the Black urban market, uncovering a transition from racist exclusion to predatory inclusion. Widespread access to mortgages across the United States after World War II cemented homeownership as fundamental to conceptions of citizenship and belonging. African Americans had long faced racist obstacles to homeownership, but the social upheaval of the 1960s forced federal government reforms. In the 1970s, new housing policies encouraged African Americans to become homeowners, and these programs generated unprecedented real estate sales in Black urban communities. However, inclusion in the world of urban real estate was fraught with new problems. As new housing policies came into effect, the real estate industry abandoned its aversion to African Americans, especially Black women, precisely because they were more likely to fail to keep up their home payments and slip into foreclosure. Taylor narrates this dramatic transformation in housing policy, its financial ramifications, and its influence on African Americans. She reveals that federal policy transformed the urban core into a new frontier of cynical extraction disguised as investment.
Автор: Mera, Koichi ; Renaud, B Название: Asia`s Financial Crisis and the Role of Real Estate ISBN: 0765606429 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780765606426 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 46950.00 T Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Автор: Mera, Koichi Название: Asia`s Financial Crisis and the Role of Real Estate ISBN: 0765606410 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780765606419 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 148010.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Blake A. Watson Название: Buying America from the Indians: Johnson V. McIntosh and the History of Native Land Rights ISBN: 0806191279 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780806191270 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 25040.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: The U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Johnson v. McIntosh established the basic principles that govern American Indian property rights to this day. In the case, more than one Anglo-American purchaser claimed title to the same land in what is now southern Illinois. The Piankeshaw Indians had deeded the land twice—once to speculators in 1775, and again, thirty years later, to the United States by treaty. The Court decided in favor of William McIntosh, who had bought the land from the U.S. government. Writing for the majority, Chief Justice John Marshall declared that the “discovery” of America had given “exclusive title to those who made it”—namely, the European colonizers. According to Johnson, the Piankeshaws did not own what they thought was their land. Indeed, no Indian tribe did.Buying America from the Indians offers a comprehensive historical and legal overview of Native land rights since the European "discovery" of the New World. Watson sets the case in rich historical context. After tracing Anglo-American views of Native land rights to their European roots, Blake A. Watson explains how speculative ventures in Native lands affected not only Indian peoples themselves but the causes and outcomes of the French and Indian War, the American Revolution, and ratification of the Articles of Confederation. He then focuses on the transactions at issue in Johnson between the Illinois and Piankeshaw Indians, who sold their homelands, and the future shareholders of the United Illinois and Wabash Land Companies. The final chapters highlight the historical legacy of Johnson v. McIntosh on federal policy with regard to Indian lands. Taught to first-year law students as the root of title for real property in the United States, the case has also been condemned by the United Nations and others as a Eurocentric justification for the subjugation of North American indigenous peoples. Watson argues that the United States should formally repudiate the discovery doctrine set forth in Johnson v. McIntosh. The thorough backstory and analysis in this book will deepen our understanding of one of the most important cases in both federal Indian law and American property law.
Название: To share, not surrender ISBN: 0774863838 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780774863834 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 29220.00 T Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии. Описание:
To Share, Not Surrender offers an entirely new approach to assessing Indigenous-settler conflict over land, opening scholarship to the public and augmenting it with First Nations community expertise. Informed by cel’a?’en – “our culture, the way of our people” – this multivocal work of essays traces the transition from treaty-making in the colony of Vancouver Island to reserve formation in the colony of British Columbia. The collection also publishes translations/interpretations of the treaties into the SEN?O?EN and Lekwungen languages. An all-embracing exploration of the struggle over land, To Share, Not Surrender advances the urgent task of reconciliation in Canada.
Автор: Colin Baker Название: Seeds of Trouble: Government Policy and Land Rights in Nyasaland, 1946-1964 ISBN: 1350184721 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781350184725 Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic Рейтинг: Цена: 33780.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Land rights and land reform were central elements of colonial history. This book looks at their significance for British colonial policy in Nyasaland (modern Malawi), and how the British government tried to prevent discontent among Africans living or working on European-owned private estates. The first section outlines the political and geographical context, the original acquisition of land by foreigners the restriction of the indigenous population to Trust Lands, against a background of rising labour demand, population pressure and discontent. In 1948 Geoffrey Colby was appointed Governor. He was aware of the potentially explosive nature of these issues, and the book describes his policy of land purchase and the abolition of the hated thangata system, by which African tenants paid their foreign landlords annual rent in money or labour. The conclusion emphasises the racial conflict inherent in the employment of indigenous labour on foreign-owned land and summarizes the steps taken to prevent its escalation in the run-up to independence.
Автор: Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor Название: Race for Profit: How Banks and the Real Estate Industry Undermined Black Homeownership ISBN: 1469663880 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781469663883 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 18390.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: LONGLISTED FOR THE 2019 NATIONAL BOOK AWARD
By the late 1960s and early 1970s, reeling from a wave of urban uprisings, politicians finally worked to end the practice of redlining. Reasoning that the turbulence could be calmed by turning Black city-dwellers into homeowners, they passed the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968, and set about establishing policies to induce mortgage lenders and the real estate industry to treat Black homebuyers equally. The disaster that ensued revealed that racist exclusion had not been eradicated, but rather transmuted into a new phenomenon of predatory inclusion.
Race for Profit uncovers how exploitative real estate practices continued well after housing discrimination was banned. The same racist structures and individuals remained intact after redlining's end, and close relationships between regulators and the industry created incentives to ignore improprieties. Meanwhile, new policies meant to encourage low-income homeownership created new methods to exploit Black homeowners. The federal government guaranteed urban mortgages in an attempt to overcome resistance to lending to Black buyers - as if unprofitability, rather than racism, was the cause of housing segregation. Bankers, investors, and real estate agents took advantage of the perverse incentives, targeting the Black women most likely to fail to keep up their home payments and slip into foreclosure, multiplying their profits. As a result, by the end of the 1970s, the nation's first programs to encourage Black homeownership ended with tens of thousands of foreclosures in Black communities across the country. The push to uplift Black homeownership had descended into a goldmine for realtors and mortgage lenders, and a ready-made cudgel for the champions of deregulation to wield against government intervention of any kind.
Narrating the story of a sea-change in housing policy and its dire impact on African Americans, Race for Profit reveals how the urban core was transformed into a new frontier of cynical extraction.
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