Are mass violence and catastrophes the only forces that can seriously decrease economic inequality? To judge by thousands of years of history, the answer is yes. Tracing the global history of inequality from the Stone Age to today, Walter Scheidel shows that inequality never dies peacefully. Inequality declines when carnage and disaster strike and increases when peace and stability return. The Great Leveler is the first book to chart the crucial role of violent shocks in reducing inequality over the full sweep of human history around the world.
Ever since humans began to farm, herd livestock, and pass on their assets to future generations, economic inequality has been a defining feature of civilization. Over thousands of years, only violent events have significantly lessened inequality. The "Four Horsemen" of leveling--mass-mobilization warfare, transformative revolutions, state collapse, and catastrophic plagues--have repeatedly destroyed the fortunes of the rich. Scheidel identifies and examines these processes, from the crises of the earliest civilizations to the cataclysmic world wars and communist revolutions of the twentieth century. Today, the violence that reduced inequality in the past seems to have diminished, and that is a good thing. But it casts serious doubt on the prospects for a more equal future.
An essential contribution to the debate about inequality, The Great Leveler provides important new insights about why inequality is so persistent--and why it is unlikely to decline anytime soon.
Автор: Nirenberg David Название: Communities of Violence: Persecution of Minorities in the Middle Ages ISBN: 0691165769 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780691165769 Издательство: Wiley Рейтинг: Цена: 26400.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: In the wake of modern genocide, we tend to think of violence against minorities as a sign of intolerance, or, even worse, a prelude to extermination. Violence in the Middle Ages, however, functioned differently, according to David Nirenberg. In this provocative book, he focuses on specific attacks against minorities in fourteenth-century France and
Название: Cultural Violence and Destruction of Human Communities ISBN: 1138577332 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138577336 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 148010.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This volume brings together leading sociologists and anthropologists to break new ground in the study of cultural violence. Across ten chapters, this book addresses gaps in our understanding of why cultural violence occurs, what it consists of, and how it relates to other forms of collective violence.
Автор: Nelida Fuccaro Название: Violence and the City in the Modern Middle East ISBN: 0804797528 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780804797528 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 26750.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание:
This book explores violence in the public lives of modern Middle Eastern cities, approaching violence as an individual and collective experience, a historical event, and an urban process. Violence and the city coexist in a complicated dialogue, and critical consideration of the city offers an important way to understand the transformative powers of violence—its ability to redraw the boundaries of urban life, to create and divide communities, and to affect the ruling strategies of local elites, governments, and transnational political players.
The essays included in this volume reflect the diversity of Middle Eastern urbanism from the eighteenth to the late twentieth centuries, from the capitals of Cairo, Tunis, and Baghdad to the provincial towns of Jeddah, Nablus, and Basra and the oil settlements of Dhahran and Abadan. In reconstructing the violent pasts of cities, new vistas on modern Middle Eastern history are opened, offering alternative and complementary perspectives to the making and unmaking of empires, nations, and states. Given the crucial importance of urban centers in shaping the Middle East in the modern era, and the ongoing potential of public histories to foster dialogue and reconciliation, this volume is both critical and timely.
Автор: Nelida Fuccaro Название: Violence and the City in the Modern Middle East ISBN: 0804795843 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780804795845 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 108680.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание:
This book explores violence in the public lives of modern Middle Eastern cities, approaching violence as an individual and collective experience, a historical event, and an urban process. Violence and the city coexist in a complicated dialogue, and critical consideration of the city offers an important way to understand the transformative powers of violence—its ability to redraw the boundaries of urban life, to create and divide communities, and to affect the ruling strategies of local elites, governments, and transnational political players.
The essays included in this volume reflect the diversity of Middle Eastern urbanism from the eighteenth to the late twentieth centuries, from the capitals of Cairo, Tunis, and Baghdad to the provincial towns of Jeddah, Nablus, and Basra and the oil settlements of Dhahran and Abadan. In reconstructing the violent pasts of cities, new vistas on modern Middle Eastern history are opened, offering alternative and complementary perspectives to the making and unmaking of empires, nations, and states. Given the crucial importance of urban centers in shaping the Middle East in the modern era, and the ongoing potential of public histories to foster dialogue and reconciliation, this volume is both critical and timely.
Автор: Friedman Название: Competing Memories ISBN: 1107185696 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781107185692 Издательство: Cambridge Academ Рейтинг: Цена: 95040.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: A rigourous analysis of context in transitional justice, examining the successes and failures of truth and reconciliation commissions in post-conflict settings.
Covering a period from the late eighteenth century to today, this volume explores the phenomenon of urban violence in order to unveil general developments and historical specificities in a variety of Middle Eastern contexts. By situating incidents in particular processes and conflicts, the case studies seek to counter notions of a violent Middle East in order to foster a new understanding of violence beyond that of a meaningless and destructive social and political act. Contributions explore processes sparked by the transition from empires — Ottoman and Qajar, but also European — to the formation of nation states, and the resulting changes in cityscapes throughout the region.
Автор: Bruckert, Chris Law, Tuulia Название: Women and gendered violence in canada ISBN: 1442636149 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781442636149 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 58520.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: By drawing on a range of theoretical traditions emerging from feminism, criminology, and sociology, Women and Gendered Violence in Canada significantly expands the conversation on violence against women.
Автор: Banu Bargu Название: Turkey`s Necropolitical Laboratory: Democracy, Violence and Resistance ISBN: 1474450261 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781474450263 Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic Рейтинг: Цена: 105600.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book makes a strong case that Turkey’s regime and its vicissitudes are dependent on a necropolitical undercurrent. Building on the insights of critical and contemporary theory, the essays address the multiple ways in which lives are brought into the fold of power. Once there, they are subjected to mechanisms of death and destruction, and to modalities of infrastructural violence, strategic neglect and exposure. This produces new forms of impoverishment, inequality and disposability. Bringing together historical, discursive, and ethnographic approaches from multiple disciplines, this collection offers a sobering and original analysis of contemporary Turkey.
The most significant political development of the post-Cold War era was, arguably, the diffusion of neoliberalism across the globe. Yet behind the illusion of abundance and development, the 'rule of the market' can be violent and destructive, exploiting the environment, dismissing cultural or historical conservation and ignoring individual rights. This book now examines the emergence and consequences of neoliberalism in Turkey. Of particular importance to the study are the contested spaces - those sites of struggle and protest - where the impact of this economic system is challenged or negotiated. The contributors look beyond the neoliberal cities of the West - Istanbul and Ankara - to take into account the rest of the country and the groups that are most negatively affected: such as the Kurds, women and migrants. Chapters consider the complexity of neoliberalism in Turkey, where the power of the market, the agenda of the state, and significantly, the country's past, are shown to have shaped current economic practices and policies. Contested Spaces in Contemporary Turkey sheds new light on the societal processes that are re-shaping modern Turkey, a subject which is of increasing importance considering Erdogan's new model for an Islam-based state and in the aftermath of the July 2016 military coup attempt. It is at the cutting edge of research on urban history and social space and will be a significant resource for scholars of Turkish Studies and Kurdish Studies.
Автор: Sundari Anitha, Ruth Lewis Название: Gender based violence in university communities: Policy, prevention and educational initiatives ISBN: 1447336577 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781447336570 Издательство: Marston Book Services Цена: 105590.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book provides the first in-depth overview of research and practice in GBV in universities. It sets out the international context of ideologies, politics and institutional structures that underlie responses to GBV in elsewhere in Europe, in the US, and in Australia, and consider the implications of implementing related policy and practice.
Автор: Victoria L. Banyard Название: Toward the Next Generation of Bystander Prevention of Sexual and Relationship Violence ISBN: 3319231707 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319231709 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 46570.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This briefs integrates and synthesizes an array of research about who helps others and under what conditions and discusses the implications of this research for a bystander intervention focused prevention agenda to reduce sexual and relationship violence in schools and communities.
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