Автор: Cowper, Marcus Название: Cathar Castles ISBN: 1846030668 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781846030666 Издательство: Osprey Рейтинг: Цена: 14840.00 T Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ. Описание:
In the early 12th century AD a large area of present-day France was not under the direct control of the French king. In fact, the French king's direct authority stretched little further than Paris and the area immediately around it, the Ile de France. Many of the other regions were semi-independent duchies and counties, controlled by, amongst others, the King of England and the Holy Roman Emperor. One such area free from direct French control was the Languedoc, the area stretching from the Massif Central south to the Pyrenees, and as far as the river Rhone to the east. This area was under the loose overlordship of the counts of Toulouse, and by the beginning of the 12th century the whole region had become the centre of an early form of Protestantism called Catharism that flourished to an extraordinary degree and threatened the rule of the Roman Catholic Church. Pope Innocent III, alarmed at this heresy and the unwillingness of the southern nobility to do much to uproot it, launched a crusade in 1209 against European Christians. The crusading army, represented the established Church consisting predominatly of northern French knights. They saw this as an opportunity both to 'take the cross' and to obtain new lands and wealth for themselves more conveniently than crusading to the Holy land. This, the Albigensian Crusade, became a brutal struggle between the north and the south of France as much as between orthodox Roman Catholic and heretic Cathar.
The inhabitants of the Languedoc had always relied for their safety upon a series of strongly fortified walled cities, such as Albi, Carcassonne, B_ziers, Toulouse and a large number of fortified hill-top villages and castles which dotted the countryside. These so-called 'Cathar Castles' now became the last refuge against the invading crusaders and the conflict developed into a series of protracted and bloody sieges that lasted for over 30 years. The author describes these two very different types of fortification, the walled city and the hill-top castle. He explains why they were positioned where they were, how they were built, and the defensive principles behind their construction, and also reviews how well they withstood the test of the Albigensian Crusade. Related Titles The Crusades (Essential Histories) Medieval Siege Warfare (Elite) French Medieval Armies 1000-1300 (Men-at-Arms)
Название: Contact and Conflict in Frankish Greece and the Aegean, 1204-1453 ISBN: 1138270369 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138270367 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 54090.00 T Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии. Описание: The conquest of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade shattered irreversibly the political and cultural unity of the Byzantine world in the Greek peninsula, the Aegean and western Asia Minor. Between the disintegration of the Byzantine Empire after 1204 and the consolidation of Ottoman power in the fifteenth century, the area was a complex political, ethnic and religious mosaic, made up of Frankish lordships, Italian colonies, Turkish beyliks, as well as a number of states that professed to be the continuators of the Byzantine imperial tradition. This volume brings together western medievalists, Byzantinists and Ottomanists, combining recent research in the relevant fields in order to provide a holistic interpretation of this world of extreme fragmentation.
Eight stimulating papers explore various factors that defined contact and conflict between Orthodox Greeks, Catholic Latins and Muslim Turks, highlighting common themes that run through this period and evaluating the changes that occurred over time. Particular emphasis is given on the crusades and the way they affected interaction in the area. Although the impact of the crusades on Byzantine history leading up to 1204 has been extensively examined in the past, there has been little research on the way crusading was implemented in Greece and the Aegean after that point.
Far from being limited to crusading per se, however, the papers put it into its wider context and examine other aspects of contact, such as trade, interfaith relations, and geographical exploration.
Автор: Angold, Michael J Название: The Fourth Crusade ISBN: 0582356105 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780582356108 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 54090.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Angold, Michael J Название: The Fourth Crusade ISBN: 0582356105 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780582356108 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 54090.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Nicolle, David Название: Second crusade 1148 ISBN: 1846033543 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781846033544 Издательство: Osprey Рейтинг: Цена: 16820.00 T Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ. Описание: The contributions of this Special Issue are in keeping with these concerns regarding more adequate methods to describe and analyze at least three levels of comprehension of socio-cognitive phenomena: the individual`s cognitive functioning; the socio-cognitive functioning of the dyad ; and the way the first two elements are mediated by discursive activities.
Автор: Forsberg Название: America And The Japanese Miracle ISBN: 1469613751 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781469613758 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 44350.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: In this book, Aaron Forsberg presents an arresting account of Japan's postwar economic resurgence in a world polarized by the Cold War. His fresh interpretation highlights the many connections between Japan's economic revival and changes that occurred in the wider world during the 1950s. Drawing on a wealth of recently released American, British, and Japanese archival records, Forsberg demonstrates that American Cold War strategy and the U.S. commitment to liberal trade played a central role in promoting Japanese economic welfare and in forging the economic relationship between Japan and the United States. The price of economic opportunity and interdependence, however, was a strong undercurrent of mutual frustration, as patterns of conflict and compromise over trade, investment, and relations with China continued to characterize the postwar U.S.-Japanese relationship.Forsberg's emphasis on the dynamic interaction of Cold War strategy, the business environment, and Japanese development challenges ""revisionist"" interpretations of Japan's success. In exploring the complex origins of the U.S.-led international economy that has outlasted the Cold War, Forsberg refutes the claim that the U.S. government sacrificed American commercial interests in favor of its military partnership with Japan.
Автор: Hosker Griff Название: An Archer`s Crusade ISBN: 1839012153 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781839012150 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 15690.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: The holy war is a complex and punishing pursuit, and Lord Edward needs help in defeating the Mamluks. He calls upon his trusted comrade Gerald to lead a crusade of his own, to enlist the aid of Abaqa Khan, a Mongol leader and much needed ally.
Автор: Gertwagen, Dr. Ruthy Название: Shipping, trade and crusade in the medieval mediterranean ISBN: 113811832X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138118324 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 47970.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book seeks to answer the question: Do precision-guided munitions (PGMs) mitigate suffering in war, and have these weapons changed the way decisions regarding war and peace have been made? Answering this question helps us understand possible shifts in emphasis in modern warfare, both in terms of methods employed and of the greater concern placed on limiting human suffering during conflict.
Автор: Beth C. Spacey Название: The Miraculous and the Writing of Crusade Narrative ISBN: 1837650748 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781837650743 Издательство: Boydell & Brewer Рейтинг: Цена: 26390.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: [This] is a book that should become compulsory reading for anyone studying crusading literature or the use of miracles in medieval narratives. - HISTORYFirst comprehensive study of miracles in Crusade narrative, showing how and why they were deployed by their authors.The medieval Latin Christian narratives of the crusades are replete with references to miracles, visions and signs. Mysterious white-clad knights lead crusader armies to victory in battle, Christ and the saints offer guidance in visions, and great signs are seen in the skies. However, despite the frequent appearance of these themes in the sources, and the evident importance of these ideas to the narratives which describe them, scholars have often analysed examples in isolation. This book represents the first far-reaching examination of the miraculous in crusade narrative, offering an analysis of the role of miracles, marvels, visions, dreams, signs and augury in narratives of the crusades of 1096 to 1204 and produced between c.1099 and c.1250. It argues that the miraculous and its related themes represented a powerful tool for the authors of crusade narrative because of its ability to convey divine agency and will, ideas which were central to the belief held among Latin Christian contemporaries that crusade was divinely inspired and spiritually salvific. Overall, the volume demonstrates how the authors of crusade narrative drew upon various intellectual authorities on the miraculous in the service of their narrative agendas and reveals how the use of the miraculous changed as authors were forced to respond to the challenges of narrating crusade during this period.
Автор: Beth C. Spacey Название: The Miraculous and the Writing of Crusade Narrative ISBN: 1783275189 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781783275182 Издательство: Boydell & Brewer Рейтинг: Цена: 84480.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: First comprehensive study of miracles in Crusade narrative, showing how and why they were deployed by their authors.
The epic battle for control of the Strait of Gibraltar waged by Castile, Morocco, and Granada in the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries is a major, but often overlooked, chapter in the history of the Christian reconquest of Spain. After the Castilian conquest of Seville in 1248 and the submission of the Muslim kingdom of Granada as a vassal state, the Moors no longer loomed as a threat and the reconquest seemed to be over. Still, in the following century, the Castilian kings, prompted by ideology and strategy, attempted to dominate the Strait. As self-proclaimed heirs of the Visigoths, they aspired not only to reconstitute the Visigothic kingdom by expelling the Muslims from Spain but also to conquer Morocco as part of the Visigothic legacy. As successive bands of Muslims over the centuries had crossed the Strait from Morocco into Spain, the kings of Castile recognized the strategic importance of securing Algeciras, Gibraltar, and Tarifa, the ports long used by the invaders. At a time when European enthusiasm for the crusade to the Holy Land was on the wane, the Christian struggle for the Strait received the character of a crusade as papal bulls conferred the crusading indulgence as well as ancillary benefits. The Gibraltar Crusade had mixed results. Although the Castilians seized Gibraltar in 1309 and Algeciras in 1344, the Moors eventually repossessed them. Only Tarifa, captured in 1292, remained in Castilian hands. Nevertheless, the power of the Marinid dynasty of Morocco was broken at the battle of Salado in 1340, and for the remainder of the Middle Ages Spain was relieved of the threat of Moroccan invasion. While the reconquest remained dormant during the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries, Ferdinand and Isabella conquered Granada, the last Muslim outpost in Spain, in 1492. In subsequent years Castile fulfilled its earlier aspirations by establishing a foothold in Morocco.
Казахстан, 010000 г. Астана, проспект Туран 43/5, НП2 (офис 2) ТОО "Логобук" Тел:+7 707 857-29-98 ,+7(7172) 65-23-70 www.logobook.kz
