Policy For Agricultural Research, Ruttan, Vernon W , Pray, Carl E , Evenson, Rober

Автор: Swaminathan M S
Название: 50 Years Of Green Revolution: An Anthology Of Research Papers
ISBN: 9813200065 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789813200067
Издательство: World Scientific Publishing
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Цена: 163680.00 T
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Описание:

The green revolution in India about 50 years ago transformed India's image then as begging bowl to bread basket. This transformation during the 1960s took just about 4 years. The yield increases achieved in wheat and then in rice which occurred in just about half decade is far in excess of the yield increases during the preceding 4000 years. This remarkable feat was achieved with the leadership of the author using the dwarf wheat types which had been produced by Norman Borlaug in Mexico.

The research and development of green revolution of wheat and rice at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi was led by the author along with his team of students and co-workers. He has published over 100 papers on green revolution and the ever-green revolution which is a refinement of the former. This book is a compilation of just about 40 of his numerous research papers, monographs and books published by him on this subject.

The papers in this book bring out the scientific basis of the modification of the plant type so as to be responsive to exogenous addition of chemical fertilizers and irrigation. The ideal plant type enables capture of adequate sunlight and using the chemical fertilizers added to the soil, produce substantial photosynthetic starch. And because the plants have short and thick culm, they are able to withstand enormous amounts of grains in their ears. This indeed was the basis of breaking the yield barriers associated with native varieties. The book also brings out that green revolution had established the food security at the national level but not at the individual household levels of millions of resource-poor rural small and marginal farming, fishing and landless families. Further green revolution was commodity-centric and the manner of its practice led to environmental degradation and social inequities. This author realized as early as 1972 that system of agriculture in India should be designed to fight both the famines of food and rural livelihoods. In pursuit of it, this author further designed an evergreen revolution with systems approach. What this means is providing concurrent attention to ecological foundations of agriculture and the livelihoods of the rural people.

The book also brings out that green revolution was a team effort involving scientists, policy makers, administrators, farmers and students.

This book is an outstanding example of green revolution providing a breathing space by putting the cereal grain production rate ahead of the population growth rate and then when food security has been adequately established, the system is changed to achieve productivity in perpetuity without causing environmental and social harm.

Автор: Pradip Kumar Sahu
Название: Research Methodology: A Guide for Researchers In Agricultural Science, Social Science and Other Related Fields
ISBN: 8132228596 ISBN-13(EAN): 9788132228592
Издательство: Springer
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Цена: 204970.00 T
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Описание: This book is the outcome of more than 20 years of experience of the author in teaching and research field. The wider scope and coverage of the book will help not only the students/ researchers/professionals in the field of agriculture and allied disciplines, but also the researchers and practitioners in other fields. Written in simple and lucid language, the book would appeal to all those who are meant to be benefitted out of it. All efforts have been made to present "RESEARCH", its meaning, intention and usefulness. The book reflects current methodological techniques used in interdisciplinary research, as illustrated with many relevant worked out examples. Designing of research programme, selection of variables, collection of data and their analysis to interpret the data are discussed extensively. Statistical tools are complemented with real-life examples, making the otherwise complicated subject like statistics seem simpler. Attempts have been made to demonstrate how a user can solve the problems using simple computer-oriented programme. Emphasis is placed not only on solving the problems in various fields but also on drawing inferences from the problems. The importance of instruments and computers in research processes and statistical analyses along with their misuse/incorrect use is also discussed to make the user aware about the correct use of specific technique. In all the chapters, theories are combined with examples, and steps are enumerated to follow the correct use of the available packages like MSEXCELL, SPSS, SPAR1, SAS etc. Utmost care has been taken to present varied range of research problems along with their solutions in agriculture and allied fields which would be of immense use to readers.

Автор: G. Loebenstein; G. Thottappilly
Название: Agricultural Research Management
ISBN: 9048175208 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789048175208
Издательство: Springer
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Цена: 231990.00 T
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Описание: Quite simply, this is required reading for anyone involved in managing agricultural research.

Автор: Guy Paillotin
Название: European Agricultural Research in the 21st Century
ISBN: 3662036940 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783662036945
Издательство: Springer
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Цена: 139750.00 T
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Описание: Palais de l`Europe, Strasbourg, France 28-29 November 1996

Автор: Ingrid Oborn, Bernard Vanlauwe, Michael Phillips, Richard Thomas, Willemien Brooijmans, Kwesi Atta-Krah
Название: Sustainable Intensification in Smallholder Agriculture: An integrated systems research approach
ISBN: 0367227789 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780367227784
Издательство: Taylor&Francis
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Цена: 46950.00 T
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Описание: This book describes different aspects of systems research in agriculture in its broadest sense, where the focus is moved from farming systems to livelihoods systems.

Автор: Preethi Kartan
Название: Advances in Dairy Research
ISBN: 1773611127 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781773611129
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 160770.00 T
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Описание: The aim of this book is to review some of the major scientific advances made in non-thermal dairy processing technical approaches, starter and nonstarter lactic acid bacteria during the past ten years, including genomic studies on dairy starter cultures, engineering of culture attributes, and advances in phage control and transgenic animal technology.

Автор: Preethi Kartan
Название: Advances in Rice Research
ISBN: 1773611119 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781773611112
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 160770.00 T
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Описание: Rice is one of the major crops in the world and provides the staple food for over half of the world’s population. Rice (Oryza sativa) belongs to the genus Oryza, which includes more than 25 wild species either perennial or annual, which are either diploid or tetraploid. Indica and japonica rice are two main subspecies of Asian cultivated rice. Indica rice is mainly cultivated in tropical and subtropical environments, whereas japonica rice is grown mainly in more temperate environments. Successful rice cultivation is intimately linked with hormonal signaling and proper responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, which can be bacterial or fungal disease, and salt and drought stresses. Both the rice varieties have clearly diverged in their morphological characteristics, agronomic traits and physiological and biochemical features, as well as in yield, quality and stress resistance.The challenge is to develop technologies that lead to the increased rice production commensurate with the increasing world population. There is a need to develop strategies providing long- lasting disease resistance against a broad spectrum of pathogens and giving protection to the crop for a longer period of time over a broad geographic area, for sustainable rice production in the future. Rice blast, caused by pathogenic fungi Magnaporthe oryzae represents a major biotic constraint over rice production and yield. Then the rise in population has put the burden on rice consuming countries for more production, and it is estimated that we will have to produce 40% more rice in 2030 (Khush, 2005). Moreover, unreliable and regular rainfall is the biggest hurdle encountered by farmers esp in developing countries where access to irrigation is minimal.Rice is a model crop for genetic and breeding research with small genome and high density molecular map. In early 1980s, to meet the demand of the growing world population, conventional breeding methods took a make shift and combined achievements in rice biotechnology based on recombinant DNA technology and lead to the birth of ‘transgenic rice’. Over the last few decades, a significant progress has been made in the development of new and efficient transformation methods for the introduction of novel genes into rice genome to confer novel traits such as improving nutritional qualities, resistance to pests etc. Delivery of foreign DNA to rice plants via Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a routine technique in a growing number of laboratories. The highly successful genetic approaches to gene identification are based on the disruption of a gene function which leads to a new phenotype. However, one of the prime fear related to biotechnology of GM rice is that may lead to monoculture and devastate the biodiversity that may be like a self serving bio-weapon on a target nation.The revelation of the rice genome sequence is a major milestone as it paves the way for understanding the biology of the crop that feeds more than half of the world’s population. Recent advances in agriculture have brought rice productivity to a higher level to feed the present world population. An international organization, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Philippines is dedicated for rice improvement programs in different countries have collected and maintained more than 150,000 germplasm accessions which had been used in improvement of variety from time to time. This article summarizes highlights of the progress in transgenic rice technology over decade with the use of new recombinant techniques, with particular emphasis on the various molecular and biotechnological approaches to genetically improve rice crop for effective, durable and/or broad-spectrum resistance to major diseases.