A groundbreaking investigation into why so many Islamic radicals are engineers
The violent actions of a few extremists can alter the course of history, yet there persists a yawning gap between the potential impact of these individuals and what we understand about them. In Engineers of Jihad, Diego Gambetta and Steffen Hertog uncover two unexpected facts, which they imaginatively leverage to narrow that gap: they find that a disproportionate share of Islamist radicals come from an engineering background, and that Islamist and right-wing extremism have more in common than either does with left-wing extremism, in which engineers are absent while social scientists and humanities students are prominent.
Searching for an explanation, they tackle four general questions about extremism: Under which socioeconomic conditions do people join extremist groups? Does the profile of extremists reflect how they self-select into extremism or how groups recruit them? Does ideology matter in sorting who joins which group? Lastly, is there a mindset susceptible to certain types of extremism?
Using rigorous methods and several new datasets, they explain the link between educational discipline and type of radicalism by looking at two key factors: the social mobility (or lack thereof) for engineers in the Muslim world, and a particular mindset seeking order and hierarchy that is found more frequently among engineers. Engineers' presence in some extremist groups and not others, the authors argue, is a proxy for individual traits that may account for the much larger question of selective recruitment to radical activism.
Opening up markedly new perspectives on the motivations of political violence, Engineers of Jihad yields unexpected answers about the nature and emergence of extremism.
Автор: Douglas Pratt Название: Religion and Extremism: Rejecting Diversity ISBN: 1474292259 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781474292252 Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic Рейтинг: Цена: 95040.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Focusing on the three monotheistic religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, Douglas Pratt argues that despite a popular focus on Islam, extremist Jews and Christians can also enact terror and destruction. Religion and Extremism stresses that the ideological rejection of diversity underlies religious extremism resulting in violent behaviours and, increasingly, in hardening social and religious attitudes and responses. An analysis of religiously-driven terrorism reveals the presence of a distinctive and rigid form of exclusivity found in these religions. In this regard, the contemporary resurgence in totalising claims of fundamentalist ideologues is cause for particular concern. Pratt reasons that however expressed, the motif of the ‘Absolute’ is central to all, but how that absolute is and has been received, interpreted and responded to, is a matter of great diversity. The author asserts that theological ‘Absolutism’ displays an underlying dynamic whereby these three religions may be led into extremism. Religion and Extremism also explores contemporary issues of Islamophobia and mutual extremism, identified as ‘reactive co-radicalization’, and concludes by reflecting on how extremism today might be countered.
Автор: Pratt Douglas Название: Religion and Extremism: Rejecting Diversity ISBN: 1474292240 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781474292245 Издательство: Bloomsbury Academic Рейтинг: Цена: 28500.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Focusing on the three monotheistic religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, Douglas Pratt argues that despite a popular focus on Islam, extremist Jews and Christians can also enact terror and destruction. Religion and Extremism stresses that the ideological rejection of diversity underlies religious extremism resulting in violent behaviours and, increasingly, in hardening social and religious attitudes and responses. An analysis of religiously-driven terrorism reveals the presence of a distinctive and rigid form of exclusivity found in these religions. In this regard, the contemporary resurgence in totalising claims of fundamentalist ideologues is cause for particular concern. Pratt reasons that however expressed, the motif of the ‘Absolute’ is central to all, but how that absolute is and has been received, interpreted and responded to, is a matter of great diversity. The author asserts that theological ‘Absolutism’ displays an underlying dynamic whereby these three religions may be led into extremism. Religion and Extremism also explores contemporary issues of Islamophobia and mutual extremism, identified as ‘reactive co-radicalization’, and concludes by reflecting on how extremism today might be countered.
Автор: Holmwood, Mr John Название: Countering extremism in british schools? ISBN: 1447344138 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781447344131 Издательство: Marston Book Services Рейтинг: Цена: 18470.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: In 2014 the `Trojan Horse` affair, an alleged plot to `Islamify` several state schools in Birmingham, caused a previously highly successful school to be vilified. Holmwood and O`Toole challenge the accepted narrative and show how it was used to justify an intrusive counter extremism agenda.
Автор: Ben-Yehuda Nachman Название: Theocratic Democracy: The Social Construction of Religious and Secular Extremism ISBN: 0199734860 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780199734863 Издательство: Oxford Academ Цена: 59130.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: The state of Israel was established in 1948 as a Jewish democracy, without a legal separation between religion and the state. Ever since, the tension between the two has been a central political, social, and moral issue in Israel, resulting in a cultural conflict between secular Jews and the fundamentalist, ultra-orthodox Haredi community. What is the nature of this cultural conflict and how is it managed? In Theocratic Democracy, Nachman Ben-Yehuda examines more than fifty years of media-reported unconventional and deviant behavior by members of the Haredi community. Ben-Yehuda finds not only that this behavior has happened increasingly often over the years, but also that its most salient feature is violence--a violence not random or precipitated by situational emotional rage, but planned and aimed to achieve political goals. Using verbal and non-verbal violence in the forms of curses, intimidation, threats, arson, stone-throwing, beatings, mass violations, and more, Haredi activists try to push Israel toward a more theocratic society. Driven by a theological notion that all Jews are mutually responsible and accountable to the Almighty, these activists believe that the sins of the few are paid for by the many. Making Israel a theocracy will, they believe, reduce the risk of transcendental penalties. Ben-Yehuda shows how the political structure that accommodates the strong theocratic and secular pressures Israel faces is effectively a theocratic democracy. Characterized by chronic negotiations, tensions, and accommodations, it is by nature an unstable structure. However, in his fascinating and lively account, Nachman Ben-Yehuda demonstrates how it allows citizens with different worldviews to live under one umbrella of a nation-state without tearing the social fabric apart.
Автор: Carter, Alexander J. Название: Cumulative Extremism ISBN: 1138386065 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138386068 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 148010.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book frames several historical incidents of violent movement-countermovement conflicts within the concept of `cumulative extremism`- the mutually reinforcing dynamic of radicalisation that can develop between two or more antagonistic groups.
One of the issues in contemporary Islamic thought which has attracted considerable attention amongst Muslim scholars and within the Muslim community is the valid and appropriate attitude of Muslims to relationships with non-Muslims. A major source of confusion and controversy with regards to this relationship comes from the allegation that Muslims must reserve their love and loyalty for fellow Muslims, and reject and declare war on the rest of humanity -- most acutely seen through the Islamic concept of Al-Wala' wal Bara' (WB) translated as "Loyalty and Disavowal," which appears to be central in the ideology of modern Salafism.
This book investigates the dynamics and complexities of the concept of WB within modern Salafism and aims to understand the diverse interpretation of this concept; and how modern Salafis understand and apply the concept in contemporary religious, social and political settings. The book discovers that the complexities, diversities and disputes surrounding the concept in modern Salafism often revolve around issues of social, political and current realities.
The significance of this book lies in the fact that comprehending modern Salafis' conception of WB, its realities and complexities has become an urgent priority in the lives of Muslims today.
Автор: Carter, Alexander J. Название: Cumulative extremism ISBN: 113838612X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138386129 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 40820.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book frames several historical incidents of violent movement-countermovement conflicts within the concept of `cumulative extremism`- the mutually reinforcing dynamic of radicalisation that can develop between two or more antagonistic groups.
Автор: Barbara Perry; Ryan Scrivens Название: Right-Wing Extremism in Canada ISBN: 3030251683 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783030251680 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 83850.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book comprehensively examines right-wing extremism (RWE) in Canada, discussing the lengthy history of violence and distribution, ideological bases, actions, organizational capacity and connectivity of these extremist groups. It explores the current landscape, the factors that give rise to and minimise these extremist groups, strategies for countering these groups, and the emergence of the ‘Alt-Right’. It draws on interviews with law enforcement officials, community activists, and current and former right-wing activists to inform and offer practical advice, paired with analyses of open source intelligence on the state of the RWE movement in Canada. The historical and contemporary contours of right-wing extremism in Canada are situated within the social, political, and cultural landscape that has shaped the movement. It will be of particular interest to students and researchers of criminology, sociology, social justice, terrorism and political violence.
Автор: Brian Blakemore Название: Extremism, Counter-terrorism and Policing ISBN: 1409453219 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781409453215 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 153120.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: With chapters written by experts in their fields, this book provides the reader with detailed definitions of extremism; the psychology of extremists and the causes of radicalisation; policing extremism within a counter-terrorism context; community policing approaches to combating extremism.
Автор: Blakemore, Mr. Brian Название: Extremism, counter-terrorism and policing ISBN: 1138248770 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138248779 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 53070.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Extremism, Counter-terrorism and Policing brings together a diverse range of multidisciplinary studies to explore the extent of extremism and how communities are policed. Through analysing the historical development, the present situation, and future trends in the forms and ability to police violent extremism and terrorism, this text provides a detailed contribution towards both academic and policy debate surrounding extremism, its causes, and treatments. With chapters written by experts in their fields, this book provides the reader with detailed definitions of extremism; the psychology of extremists and the causes of radicalisation; policing extremism within a counter-terrorism context; community policing approaches to combating extremism; the legal frameworks and legislation regarding extremism and its limitations in an international setting; and public perceptions and understanding of extremism. It is crucial for policing professionals, policy-makers and academics to have a detailed understanding of government policy and the methods towards tackling extremism from a policing and community level. Extremism, Counter-terrorism and Policing gives a policing rationale alongside specific community approaches towards tackling extremist threats and provides key details for policy readers as well as academics.
