World Bank Markets and People: Romania Country Economic Memorandum 9781464815034

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Автор: World Bank
Название: Markets and People: Romania Country Economic Memorandum
ISBN: 9781464815034
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
Классификация:

Экономическая теория и философия

Рост экономики

Экономика и организация производства: общие вопросы

ISBN-10: 1464815038
Обложка/Формат: Paperback
Страницы: 198
Вес: 0.41 кг.
Дата издания: 28.02.2020
Серия: International development in focus
Язык: English
Иллюстрации: Col. figs, tables
Размер: 216 x 278 x 18
Читательская аудитория: Professional and scholarly
Ключевые слова: Business studies: general,Economic growth,Economic theory & philosophy, BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Development / Economic Development,BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Industries / Service,BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Knowledge Capital
Подзаголовок: Romania country economic memorandum
Рейтинг:
Поставляется из: Англии
Описание: Romanias income per capita has increased from 26 percent of the EU-28 average in 2000 to 63 percent in 2017, but this economic success rests on the wobbly foundations of unfavorable demographics, weak human capital, and ineffective institutions. Going forward, stronger competition and better human capital are critical to increasing the economys growth potential. Romanian manufacturing ﬁrms are exposed to domestic and international competition, ensuring the ﬂow of resources and market shares to more efﬁcient players. This has not been the case for services, where anticompetitive regulations and direct state control often limit efﬁciency gains. Romanian state-owned enterprises do not compete on an equal footing with private sector ﬁrms, distorting market outcomes and hampering the efﬁcient allocation of resources. Removal of these restrictions would have a signiﬁcant positive impact on GDP growth. Competitively neutral policies are needed to ensure that all enterprises, public or private, domestic or foreign, face the same set of rules. Romanias human capital accumulation--proxied by the World Banks Human Capital Index (HCI)--is the lowest in the European Union and varies widely across counties. Disparities in education outcomes remain relevant across and within regions of Romania. Learning gaps in primary and secondary education persist. These can be seen clearly between urban and rural areas, across regions, and across social groups, requiring changes both at the systems level and at the learning-center level. In the labor market, the automation of production processes has started driving demand for higher levels of cognitive skills, while jobs involving the routine application of procedural knowledge are shrinking in number. A paradigm shift would require reforms in primary and secondary schooling, in addition to more targeted actions, to establish an effective skills development system to bolster human capital.

Markets and People: Romania Country Economic Memorandum, World Bank