In the United States, we now take our ability to pay with plastic for granted. In other parts of the world, however, the establishment of a "credit-card economy" has not been easy. In countries without a history of economic stability, how can banks decide who should be given a credit card? How do markets convince people to use cards, make their transactions visible to authorities, assume the potential risk of fraud, and pay to use their own money? Why should merchants agree to pay extra if customers use cards instead of cash?
In Plastic Money, Akos Rona-Tas and Alya Guseva tell the story of how banks overcame these and other quandaries as they constructed markets for credit cards in eight postcommunist countries. We know how markets work once they are built, but this book develops a unique framework for understanding how markets are engineered from the ground up—by selecting key players, ensuring cooperation, and providing conditions for the valuation of a product. Drawing on extensive interviews and fieldwork, the authors chronicle how banks overcame these hurdles and generated a desire for their new product in the midst of a transition from communism to capitalism.
Название: Alya and the Three Cats ISBN: 2898022365 ISBN-13(EAN): 9782898022364 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 16510.00 T Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка. Описание: The arrival of a new baby seen by three adorable cats Maryam and Sami have three cats: Pasha the black angora cat--proud as a pasha really --Minouche the grey tabby cat found in the street and Amir the playful Siamese. One day Maryam's belly starts to get bigger and something starts to stir in it. Maryam disappears for a few days and comes back home with something that screams and demands a lot of attention. Their three cats are very confused. What's going on?
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