Rules on Paper, Rules in Practice: Enforcing Laws and Policies in the Middle East and North Africa, Edouard Al-Dahdah, Cristina Corduneanu-Huci, Gael Raballand, Myriam Ababsa, Ernest Sergenti, Anya Vodopyanov

Автор: Estache, Ianchovichina, Bacon &
Название: Infrastructure And Employment Creation In The Middle East And North Africa
ISBN: 082139665X ISBN-13(EAN): 9780821396650
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 23100.00 T
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Описание: This study assesses the potential for job creation through infrastructure investment in the Middle East and North Africa. The region has experience in making the most of infrastructure investments, but maintaining and spreading the momentum in infrastructure will be important to support future growth and job creation. To do so, policymakers will have to recognize that there are large differences in initial conditions across the region in terms of starting stock, needs, fiscal commitments, private sector participation and job creation potential. Overall, the region’s infrastructure needs through 2020 are quite large and estimated at about 106 billion dollars per year or 6.9 percent of the annual regional GDP. The differences in infrastructure and maintenance needs across sub-regions are also impressive, with developing oil exporters expected to require almost 11 percent of their GDP annually, while the oil importing countries and the GCC oil exporters expected to need approximately 6 and 5 percent of their GDP, respectively. Investment and rehabilitation needs are likely to be especially high in the electricity and transport sectors, particularly roads. Rehabilitation needs are expected to account for slightly more than half of total infrastructure needs. While oil exporters will be able to meet their national infrastructure needs if they maintain investment spending at rates prevailing in the 2000s, oil importers will fall short. The infrastructure sector has the potential to contribute to employment creation in MENA. The region could generate 2.0 million direct jobs and 2.5 million direct, indirect and induced infrastructure-related jobs just by meeting estimated, annual investment needs. However, the potential varies greatly across countries, and infrastructure alone will not resolve MENA’s unemployment problem. Going forward, decisions on what types of public spending to expand and what to downsize in order to achieve balanced budgets will have important implications for jobs. In designing country specific solutions, governments will have to tackle predictable challenges: the governance of job creation, the proper targeting and fiscal costs assessment of subsidies needed to create jobs, the design and fiscal costs of the (re)training programs needed and the expectations on the job creation effects of infrastructure.

Автор: Diop Ndiame`, Marotta Daniela, De Melo Jaime
Название: Natural Resource Abundance, Growth, and Diversification in the Middle East and North Africa: The Effects on Natural Resources and the Role of Policies
ISBN: 0821395912 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780821395912
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 26790.00 T
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Описание: MENA is one of the richest regions in the world in terms of natural resources: it holds more than 60 percent of the world’s proven oil reserves, mostly located in the Gulf region, and nearly half of gas reserves. Oil represents 80-85 percent of merchandise exports in the region, making it highly depending on fluctuations in international prices. A long strand of economic literature has suggested that such dependence may hurt a country’s growth prospects and the scope for job creation by reducing economic diversification. This volume investigates the effect of natural resources and the role of policies on achieving higher and sustained growth through diversification away from oil. It explores analytical questions which include: (i) the impact of the real exchange rate on manufacturing and tradable services competitiveness in MENA; (ii) the role of fiscal policy in supporting diversification; (iii) how “weak links” (input sectors with low productivity) play a critical role in explaining the concentration of economic activities, in addition to the classical Dutch Disease effect and (iv) the impact of macroeconomic factors on the drive for regional integration Several policy recommendations emerge from this analysis: (i) policymakers should strive to avoid real exchange rate overvaluation through consistent fiscal policies, flexible exchange rates and adequate product and factor market regulations; (ii) reforms to improve the competition and efficiency of upstream input activities are crucial for improving the performance of downstream activities and diversification in MENA (iii) a consistent and transparent fiscal policy is essential to reduce instability, build the fiscal space needed to invest in core infrastructure and human capital and create a favorable environment for diversification; (iv) while regional trade integration is desirable for political, social, cultural and economic reasons, in terms of trade liberalization, this is not the best option for resource-rich countries of the region. Policymakers should take this into account in discussing regional integration options. It is hoped that the findings of this work will be of interest to policymakers, the civil society, donors and practitioners in MENA countries and stimulate the debate of such an important topic.

Автор: Karshenas Massoud Et Al
Название: Women, Work And Welfare In The Middle East And North Africa: The Role Of Socio-Demographics, Entrepreneurship And Public Policies
ISBN: 178326733X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781783267330
Издательство: World Scientific Publishing
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Цена: 211200.00 T
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Описание: In the aftermath of the Arab Spring, and in light of socio-economic and geopolitical challenges facing governments old and new, women`s rights and empowerment have gained new urgency and relevance.

Автор: Syed Akhtar Mahmood, Meriem Ait Ali Slimane
Название: Privilege-Resistant Policies in the Middle East and North Africa: Measurement and Operational Implications
ISBN: 1464812071 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781464812071
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 33400.00 T
Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка.
Описание: Renewing the social contract, one of the pillars of the new World Bank Group strategy for the Middle East and North Africa, requires a new development model built on greater trust; openness, transparency, inclusive and accountable service delivery; and a stronger private sector that can create jobs and opportunities for the youth of the region. Recent analytic work trying to explain weak job creation and insufficient private sector dynamism in the region point to formal and informal barriers to entry and competition. These barriers privilege a few (often unproductive) incumbents who enjoy a competition-edge due to their connections or ability to influence policy making and delivery. Policy recommendations to date in the field of governance for private sector policymaking have been too general and too removed from concrete, actionable policy outcomes. This report proposes -for the first time- to fill this policy and operational gap by answering the following question: What good governance features should be instilled in the design of economic policies and institutions to help shield them from capture, discretion and arbitrary implementation? The report proposes an innovative conceptual and measurement framework that encapsulates the governance features that could shield policies from capture, discretion and arbitrary enforcement that limits competition. The report offers a menu of operational and technical entry-points to enhance privilege-resistant policy making in a concrete way, that is politically tractable in different country contexts.

Автор: Syed Akhtar Mahmood, Meriem Ait Ali Slimane
Название: Shielding Policies from Privileges and Discretion in Middle East and North Africa: Measurement, Policy Instruments, and Operational Implications
ISBN: 1464811598 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781464811593
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 32340.00 T
Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка.
Описание: Recent analytical work trying to explain weak job creation and insufficient private sector dynamism in the Middle east and North Africa region point to formal and informal barriers to entry and competition. These barriers privilege a few -often unproductive- incumbents who enjoy a competition-edge due to their connections or ability to influence policy making and implementation. This report proposes to fill this policy and operational gap by answering the following question: What good governance features should be instilled in the design of economic policies and institutions to help shield them from capture, discretion and arbitrary implementation? More specifically, this report aims to move the debate and the rhetoric on privilege, capture and cronyism towards a more tractable and operational framework by: i) focusing on the systematic measurement of the various dimensions of policymaking that could lead to discretionary and unfair behavior; and ii) offering a menu of policy entry-points for policy makers to start addressing these issues and limit opportunities for capture, discretion and arbitrariness.

Название: The Muslim Reception of European Orientalism
ISBN: 1138232033 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138232037
Издательство: Taylor&Francis
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Цена: 132710.00 T
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Описание: How were the Orientalist writings of European scholars of Islam received among their Muslim contemporaries? An international team of contributors answer this often-overlooked question in this volume.

Название: Beyond Scarcity: Water Security in the Middle East and North Africa
ISBN: 146481144X ISBN-13(EAN): 9781464811449
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 33400.00 T
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Описание: Water has always been a source of risks and opportunities in the Middle East and North Africa. Yet rapidly changing socioeconomic, political, and environmental conditions make water security a different, and more urgent, challenge than ever before. This report shows that water security is about much more than just coping with water scarcity. It entails ensuring the delivery of affordable and high quality water to citizens in order to reinforce relationships between service providers and customers and contribute to a renewed social contract. It involves managing the impacts of migration on water supplies to ensure -- against a backdrop of historic levels of displacement -- that both host and refugee communities enjoy equitable and reliable access without degrading water resources. As the report describes, water security is an urgent target, but also a target within reach. A host of potential solutions to the region's water management challenges exist. To make these solutions work, clear incentives are needed to change the way water is managed, conserved, and allocated. Countries in the region also will need to engage civil society and youth as well as promote social inclusion.

Автор: World Bank
Название: Uneven Odds, Unequal Outcomes: Inequality of Opportunity in the Middle East and North Africa
ISBN: 1464807868 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781464807862
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
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Цена: 25040.00 T
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Описание: The central hypothesis examined in this report is whether inequality of opportunities (as opposed to inequality of outcomes) - starting from early in life and culminating into opportunities in the labor market - explains part of what many have labeled the Arab inequality puzzle.

Автор: Roksana Bahramitash; Hadi Salehi Esfahani
Название: Political and Socio-Economic Change in the Middle East and North Africa
ISBN: 1349569062 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781349569069
Издательство: Springer
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Цена: 83850.00 T
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Описание: The contributions to this collection examine the shortcomings of the economic development policies in the MENA region before and after the Arab Spring, with particular attention to the role of gender and the ways in which policies translate into economic outcomes.

Автор: Mahmoud Abdulwahed; Mazen O. Hasna; Jeffrey E. Fro
Название: Advances in Engineering Education in the Middle East and North Africa
ISBN: 3319153226 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319153223
Издательство: Springer
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Цена: 111790.00 T
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Описание: This book provides a collection of the latest advances in engineering education in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and sheds insights for future development.