The Witch Cult in Western Europe, Murray Margaret Alice
Автор: Murray Margaret Alice Название: The God of the Witches (Aziloth Books) ISBN: 1909735477 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781909735477 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 13790.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание:
Margaret Murray was an anthropologist who upset the comfortable consensus of her day with the idea that Western Europe did not convert 'en masse' to Christianity. Using contemporary accounts she was able to show that, while European rulers and nobles were successfully targeted by Christian missionaries, the majority of the population held tenaciously to the Old Religion. These far older beliefs centred upon the worship of Cernunnos, the figure of a male, horned god. The result was centuries of conflict between Christianity and 'Paganism' in which the adherents of the Cross gradually gained the ascendant. And following the general principle that 'the God of the old religion becomes the Devil of the new', the Christian 'Evil One' was given the characteristics of the pagan deity - horns and all. Those who stubbornly held to the Old Ways were seen as devil-worshippers, witches, followers of the left-hand path who fully deserved the stake and death by purging fire. Margaret Murray gives a convincing account of this God of the witches, and shows how many famous characters in European history - among them William Rufus, Joan of Arc and Thomas Beckett - must be counted as members of The Old Religion. A book for all those interested in the roots of Wicca and neo-paganism.
Автор: Murray Margaret Alice Название: The Witch Cult in Western Europe ISBN: 1690947179 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781690947172 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 24140.00 T Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка. Описание: The deity of this cult was incarnate in a man, a woman, or an animal; the animal form being apparentlyearlier than the human, for the god was often spoken of as wearing the skin or attributes of an animal. At the same time, however, there was another form of the god in the shape of a man with two aces. Such a god is found in Italy (where he was called Janus or Dianus), in Southern France (see pp. 62, 129), and in the English Midlands. The feminine form of the name, Diana, is found throughout Western Europe as the name of the female deity or leader of the so-called Witches, and it is for this reason that I have called this ancient religion the Dianic cult. The geographical distribution of the two-faced god suggests that the race or races, who carried the cult, either did not remain in every country which they entered, or that in many places they and their religion were overwhelmed by subsequent invaders.The dates of the two chief festivals, May Eve and November Eve, indicate the use of a calendar which is generally acknowledged to be pre-agricultural and earlier than the solstitial division of the year. The fertility rites of the cult bear out this indication, as they were for promoting the increase of animals and only rarely for the benefit of the crops. The cross -quarter-days, February 2 and August 1, which were also kept as festivals, were probably of later date, as, though classed among the great festivals, they were not of so high an importance as the May and November Eves. To February 2, Candlemas Day, probably belongs thesun-charm of the burning wheel, formed by the whirling dancers, each carrying a blazing torch; but nospecial ceremony seems to be assigned to August 1, Lammas Day, a fact suggestive of a later introduction of this festival, The organization of the hierarchy was the same throughout Western Europe, with the slight local differences which always occur in any organization. The same organization, when carried to America, caused Cotton Mather to say, 'The witches are organized like Congregational Churches.' This gives the clue at once. In each Congregational Church there is a body of elders who manage the affairs of the Church, and the minister who conducts the religious services and is the chief person in religious matters; and there may also be a specially appointed person to conduct the services in the minister's absence; each Church is an independent entity and not necessarily connected with any other. In the same way there was among the witches a body ofelders the Coven which managed the local affairs of the cult, and a man who, like the minister, held the chief place, though as God that place was infinitely higher in the eyes of the congregation than any held by a mere human being. In some of the larger congregations there was a person, inferior to the Chief, who took charge in the Chief's absence. In Southern France, however, there seems to have been a Grand Master who was supreme over several districts, The position of the chief woman in the cult is still somewhat obscure. Professor Pearson sees, in her the Mother-Goddess worshipped chiefly by women. This is very probable, but at the time when the cult is recorded the worship of the male deity-appears to have superseded that of the female, and it is only on rare occasions that the God appears in female form to receive the homage of the worshippers. As a general rule the woman's position, when divine, is that of the familiar or substitute for the male god. There remains, however, the curious fact that the chief woman was often identified with the Queen of Faerie, or the Elfin Queen as she is sometimes called.
Автор: Murray Margaret Alice, Milne J. G. 1867-1951, Crum W. E. 1865-1944 Название: The Osireion at Abydos ISBN: 1298543940 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781298543943 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 39240.00 T Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка.
Автор: Margaret Murray Robertson, Robertson Название: Allison bain ISBN: 9389539811 ISBN-13(EAN): 9789389539813 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 7130.00 T Наличие на складе: Поставка под заказ. Описание: Ireland`s Causeway Coast Way runs for 32 miles (51 km) of unspoiled scenery past the legendary Giant`s Causeway. The route offers easy-going walking, welcoming B&Bs and pubs and it combines well with a trip to Rathlin Island. This book has clear route maps and directions, with features on the Giant`s Causeway and Rathlin Island, and is lightweight.
Автор: Murray Margaret Название: The God of the Witches ISBN: 1690835540 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781690835547 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 28740.00 T Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка. Описание: THIS book being intended for the general reader as well as for the student of anthropology the authority for each statement is not always given in the text. For the benefit of those who wish to pursue the study further there is a bibliography for each chapter at the end of the book. For a complete bibliography of English records the reader is referred to Wallace Notestein's History of Witchcraft in England (Washington, 1911). In my Witch Cult in Western Europe (Oxford University Press, 1921) the bibliography is chiefly of the British Isles, France, Belgium, and Sweden.Though I am concerned with the existence through the Middle Ages of a primitive religion in WesternEurope only, there is no doubt that the cult was spread in early times through Central and Eastern Europe and the Near East. There it survived, underlying, as in the West, the official religion of the country, Christianity in Europe, Islam and sometimes Christianity in the East. The literati of those countries were of the faith there in the ascendant, consequently the Old Religion was seldom recorded, for Paganism belonged there as here to the inarticulate uneducated masses who remained for many centuries untouched by the new religion. I have not attempted to give every known instance of the beliefs and ritual of the "witches"; all I desire to do is to present to the reader a fairly complete view of the cult from contemporary evidence. I have also, as occasion arose, compared the Witch-Cult with other religions of ancient and modern times.My grateful thanks are due to my sister, Mrs. M. E. Slater, and to Mr. G. A. Wainwright for much kind help and many valuable suggestions; and to Mr. F. Rutter, Town-clerk of Shaftesbury, for the information which he so kindly furnished concerning the Prize Besom.In conclusion, there is one request I wish to make of my readers. Since my Witch Cult in WesternEurope appeared I have received many letters containing criticisms, some complimentary, some condemnatory, of that book. If other correspondents honour me with similar private criticisms of the present volume, I ask of them that they will sign their communications, even when the opinions they express are adverse. Anonymous letters, of which I received a number, reflect no credit on their writers.
Автор: Murray, Margaret Alice Название: Witch-cult in western europe (1921) ISBN: 1594621268 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781594621260 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 35490.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Murray Margaret Alice Название: The Osireion at Abydos ISBN: 0353573442 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780353573444 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 21110.00 T Наличие на складе: Нет в наличии.
Автор: Murray Margaret Alice Название: The Witch Cult in Western Europe: A Study in Anthropology ISBN: 1463523106 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781463523107 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 12570.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
Автор: Murray Margaret Alice Название: The Witch Cult in Western Europe ISBN: 1490339574 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781490339573 Издательство: Неизвестно Цена: 18390.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
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