Materials of the Mind: Phrenology, Race, and the Global History of Science, 1815-1920, Poskett James

Автор: Bycroft Michael, Dupre Sven
Название: Gems in the Early Modern World: Materials, Knowledge and Global Trade, 1450-1800
ISBN: 3319963783 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783319963785
Издательство: Springer
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Цена: 137600.00 T
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Описание: This edited collection is an interdisciplinary study of gems in the early modern world. It examines the relations between the art, science, and technology of gems, and it does so against the backdrop of an expanding global trade in gems. The eleven chapters are organised into three parts. The first part sets the scene by describing how gems moved around the early modern world, how they were set in motion, and how they were pulled together in the course of their travels. The second part is about value. It asks why people valued gems, how they determined the value of a given gem, and how the value of a gem was connected to its perceived place of origin. The third part deals with the skills involved in cutting, polishing, and mounting gems, and how these skills were transmitted and articulated by artisans. The common themes of all these chapters are materials, knowledge and global trade. The contributors to this volume focus on the material properties of gems such as their weight and hardness, on the knowledge involved in exchanging them and valuing them, and on the cultural consequences of the expanding trade in gems in Eurasia and the Americas.

Автор: Van Wyhe, John
Название: Phrenology and the origins of victorian scientific naturalism
ISBN: 1138249084 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781138249080
Издательство: Taylor&Francis
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Цена: 54090.00 T
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Описание: Through a reassessment of phrenology, Phrenology and the Origins of Victorian Scientific Naturalism sheds light on all kinds of works in Victorian Britain and America which have previously been unnoticed or were simply referred to with a vague 'naturalism of the times' explanation. It is often assumed that the scientific naturalism familiar in late nineteenth century writers such as T.H. Huxley and John Tyndall are the effects of a 'Darwinian revolution' unleashed in 1859 on an unsuspecting world following the publication of The Origin of Species. Yet it can be misleading to view Darwin's work in isolation, without locating it in the context of a well established and vigorous debate concerning scientific naturalism. Throughout the nineteenth century intellectuals and societies had been discussing the relationship between nature and man, and the scientific and religious implications thereof. At the forefront of these debates were the advocates of phrenology, who sought to apply their theories to a wide range of subjects, from medicine and the treatment of the insane, to education, theology and even economic theories. Showing how ideas about naturalism and the doctrine of natural laws were born in the early phrenology controversies in the 1820s, this book charts the spread of such views. It argues that one book in particular, The Constitution of Man in Relation to External Objects (1828) by George Combe, had an enormous influence on scientific thinking and the popularity of the 'naturalistic movement'. The Constitution was one of the best-selling books of the nineteenth century, being published continuously from 1828 to 1899, and selling more than 350,000 copies throughout the world, many times more than Dawin's The Origin of Species. By restoring Combe and his work to centre stage it provides modern scholars with a more accurate picture of the Victorians' view of their place in Nature.

Автор: Reid Lori
Название: Your Health in Your Hands: Hand Analysis as a Guide to Well-Being
ISBN: 0764358855 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780764358852
Издательство: Schiffer
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Цена: 22980.00 T
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Описание: Your palms are a mirror of your personality and how you think and behave. But they can also reveal how youre feeling, your general state of health, and if you are predisposed to a particular condition. Learn to read the lines, patterns, and bumps on your hands and you can monitor your health and promote your well-being on a daily basis. This easy-to-follow, fully illustrated guide explains the basics of hand analysis, and how overall appearance, line details, and markings begin to build a health picture. Find out how to spot specific health indicators and how to read them, and use this inside knowledge to select positive self-help treatments from a range of complementary therapies described.