How Britain lost its early dominance in computing by systematically discriminating against its most qualified workers: women.
In 1944, Britain led the world in electronic computing. By 1974, the British computer industry was all but extinct. What happened in the intervening thirty years holds lessons for all postindustrial superpowers. As Britain struggled to use technology to retain its global power, the nation's inability to manage its technical labor force hobbled its transition into the information age.
In Programmed Inequality, Marie Hicks explores the story of labor feminization and gendered technocracy that undercut British efforts to computerize. That failure sprang from the government's systematic neglect of its largest trained technical workforce simply because they were women. Women were a hidden engine of growth in high technology from World War II to the 1960s. As computing experienced a gender flip, becoming male-identified in the 1960s and 1970s, labor problems grew into structural ones and gender discrimination caused the nation's largest computer user -- the civil service and sprawling public sector -- to make decisions that were disastrous for the British computer industry and the nation as a whole.
Drawing on recently opened government files, personal interviews, and the archives of major British computer companies, Programmed Inequality takes aim at the fiction of technological meritocracy.Hicks explains why, even today, possessing technical skill is not enough to ensure that women will rise to the top in science and technology fields. Programmed Inequality shows how the disappearance of women from the field had grave macroeconomic consequences for Britain, and why the United States risks repeating those errors in the twenty-first century.
Buying into the Regime is a transnational history of how Chilean grapes created new forms of consumption and labor politics in both the United States and Chile. After seizing power in 1973, Augusto Pinochet embraced neoliberalism, transforming Chile’s economy. The country became the world's leading grape exporter. Heidi Tinsman traces the rise of Chile's fruit industry, examining how income from grape production enabled fruit workers, many of whom were women, to buy the commodities—appliances, clothing, cosmetics—flowing into Chile, and how this new consumerism influenced gender relations, as well as pro-democracy movements. Back in the United States, Chilean and U.S. businessmen aggressively marketed grapes as a wholesome snack. At the same time, the United Farm Workers and Chilean solidarity activists led parallel boycotts highlighting the use of pesticides and exploitation of labor in grape production. By the early-twenty-first century, Americans may have been better informed, but they were eating more grapes than ever.
Life Interrupted introduces us to survivors of human trafficking who are struggling to get by and make homes for themselves in the United States. Having spent nearly a decade following the lives of formerly trafficked men and women, Denise Brennan recounts in close detail their flight from their abusers and their courageous efforts to rebuild their lives. At once scholarly and accessible, her book links these firsthand accounts to global economic inequities and under-regulated and unprotected workplaces that routinely exploit migrant laborers in the United States. Brennan contends that today's punitive immigration policies undermine efforts to fight trafficking. While many believe trafficking happens only in the sex trade, Brennan shows that across low-wage labor sectors—in fields, in factories, and on construction sites—widespread exploitation can lead to and conceal forced labor. Life Interrupted is a riveting account of life in and after trafficking and a forceful call for meaningful immigration and labor reform.
All royalties from this book will be donated to the nonprofit Survivor Leadership Training Fund administered through the Freedom Network.
Автор: Rosser Sue V. Название: Breaking Into the Lab: Engineering Progress for Women in Science ISBN: 1479809209 ISBN-13(EAN): 9781479809202 Издательство: Wiley EDC Рейтинг: Цена: 27450.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: Why are there so few women in science? In Breaking into the Lab, Sue Rosser uses the experiences of successful women scientists and engineers to answer the question of why elite institutions have so few women scientists and engineers tenured on their faculties. Women are highly qualified, motivated students, and yet they have drastically higher rates of attrition, and they are shying away from the fields with the greatest demand for workers and the biggest economic payoffs, such as engineering, computer sciences, and the physical sciences. Rosser shows that these continuing trends are not only disappointing, they are urgent: the U.S. can no longer afford to lose the talents of the women scientists and engineers, because it is quickly losing its lead in science and technology. Ultimately, these biases and barriers may lock women out of the new scientific frontiers of innovation and technology transfer, resulting in loss of useful inventions and products to society.
Автор: Lee Belynda Название: Five Inch Heels: When Women Step Into Power and Success ISBN: 0995331308 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780995331303 Издательство: Неизвестно Рейтинг: Цена: 18350.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ.
This book is an ambitious and wide-ranging social and cultural history of gender relations among indigenous peoples of New Spain, from the Spanish conquest through the first half of the eighteenth century. In this expansive account, Lisa Sousa focuses on four native groups in highland Mexico--the Nahua, Mixtec, Zapotec, and Mixe--and traces cross-cultural similarities and differences in the roles and status attributed to women in prehispanic and colonial Mesoamerica.
Sousa intricately renders the full complexity of women's life experiences in the household and community, from the significance of their names, age, and social standing, to their identities, ethnicities, family, dress, work, roles, sexuality, acts of resistance, and relationships with men and other women. Drawing on a rich collection of archival, textual, and pictorial sources, she traces the shifts in women's economic, political, and social standing to evaluate the influence of Spanish ideologies on native attitudes and practices around sex and gender in the first several generations after contact. Though catastrophic depopulation, economic pressures, and the imposition of Christianity slowly eroded indigenous women's status following the Spanish conquest, Sousa argues that gender relations nevertheless remained more complementary than patriarchal, with women maintaining a unique position across the first two centuries of colonial rule.
Автор: Patricia Smart Название: Writing Herself into Being: Quebec Women`s Autobiographical Writings from Marie de l`Incarnation to Nelly Arcan ISBN: 0773551182 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780773551183 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 104500.00 T Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка. Описание: WINNER - Prix du livre d`Ottawa 2016 WINNER - Prix Jean-Ethier-Blais 2015 WINNER - Prix Gabrielle-Roy 2014 FINALIST - Prix litteraire Trillium 2015 From the founding of New France to the present day, Quebec women have had to negotiate societal expectations placed on their gender. Tracing the evolution of life writing by Quebec women, Patricia Smart presents a feminist analysis of women`s struggles for autonomy and agency in a society that has continually emphasized the traditional roles of wife and mother. Writing Herself into Being examines published autobiographies and autobiographical fiction, as well as the annals of religious communities, letters, and a number of published and unpublished diaries by girls and women, to reveal a greater range of women`s experiences than proscribed, generalized roles. Through close readings of these texts Smart uncovers the authors` perspectives on events such as the 1837 Rebellion, the Montreal cholera epidemic of 1848, convent school education, the struggle for women`s rights in the early twentieth century, and the Quiet Revolution. Drawing attention to the individuality of each writer while situating her within the social and ideological context of her era, this book further explores the ways women and girls reacted to, and often rebelled against, the constraints imposed on them by both Church and state. Written in a clear and compelling narrative style that brings women`s voices to life, Writing Herself into Being - the author`s own translation of her award-winning French-language book De Marie de l`Incarnation a Nelly Arcan: Se dire, se faire par l`ecriture intime (Boreal, 2014) - offers a new and gendered view of various periods in Quebec history.
Автор: Patricia Smart Название: Writing Herself into Being: Quebec Women`s Autobiographical Writings from Marie de l`Incarnation to Nelly Arcan ISBN: 0773551190 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780773551190 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 33400.00 T Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка. Описание: WINNER - Prix du livre d`Ottawa 2016 WINNER - Prix Jean-Ethier-Blais 2015 WINNER - Prix Gabrielle-Roy 2014 FINALIST - Prix litteraire Trillium 2015 From the founding of New France to the present day, Quebec women have had to negotiate societal expectations placed on their gender. Tracing the evolution of life writing by Quebec women, Patricia Smart presents a feminist analysis of women`s struggles for autonomy and agency in a society that has continually emphasized the traditional roles of wife and mother. Writing Herself into Being examines published autobiographies and autobiographical fiction, as well as the annals of religious communities, letters, and a number of published and unpublished diaries by girls and women, to reveal a greater range of women`s experiences than proscribed, generalized roles. Through close readings of these texts Smart uncovers the authors` perspectives on events such as the 1837 Rebellion, the Montreal cholera epidemic of 1848, convent school education, the struggle for women`s rights in the early twentieth century, and the Quiet Revolution. Drawing attention to the individuality of each writer while situating her within the social and ideological context of her era, this book further explores the ways women and girls reacted to, and often rebelled against, the constraints imposed on them by both Church and state. Written in a clear and compelling narrative style that brings women`s voices to life, Writing Herself into Being - the author`s own translation of her award-winning French-language book De Marie de l`Incarnation a Nelly Arcan: Se dire, se faire par l`ecriture intime (Boreal, 2014) - offers a new and gendered view of various periods in Quebec history.
Автор: Hochberger Christian, Nelson Brent, Koch Andreas Название: Applied Reconfigurable Computing: 15th International Symposium, ARC 2019, Darmstadt, Germany, April 9-11, 2019, Proceedings ISBN: 3030172260 ISBN-13(EAN): 9783030172268 Издательство: Springer Рейтинг: Цена: 46570.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Applied Reconfigurable Computing, ARC 2019, held in Darmstadt, Germany, in April 2019. The 20 full papers and 7 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 52 submissions.
Автор: Barbra Mann Wall Название: Into Africa: A Transnational History of Catholic Medical Missions and Social Change ISBN: 0813566223 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780813566221 Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan) Рейтинг: Цена: 59310.00 T Наличие на складе: Невозможна поставка. Описание: Winner of the 2016 Lavinia Dock Award from the American Association for the History of Nursing Awarded first place in the 2016 American Journal of Nursing Book of the Year Award in the History and Public Policy category The most dramatic growth of Christianity in the late twentieth century has occurred in Africa, where Catholic missions have played major roles. But these missions did more than simply convert Africans. Catholic sisters became heavily involved in the Church’s health services and eventually in relief and social justice efforts. In Into Africa, Barbra Mann Wall offers a transnational history that reveals how Catholic medical and nursing sisters established relationships between local and international groups, sparking an exchange of ideas that crossed national, religious, gender, and political boundaries. Both a nurse and a historian, Wall explores this intersection of religion, medicine, gender, race, and politics in sub-Saharan Africa, focusing on the years following World War II, a period when European colonial rule was ending and Africans were building new governments, health care institutions, and education systems. She focuses specifically on hospitals, clinics, and schools of nursing in Ghana and Uganda run by the Medical Mission Sisters of Philadelphia; in Nigeria and Uganda by the Irish Medical Missionaries of Mary; in Tanzania by the Maryknoll Sisters of New York; and in Nigeria by a local Nigerian congregation. Wall shows how, although initially somewhat ethnocentric, the sisters gradually developed a deeper understanding of the diverse populations they served. In the process, their medical and nursing work intersected with critical social, political, and cultural debates that continue in Africa today: debates about the role of women in their local societies, the relationship of women to the nursing and medical professions and to the Catholic Church, the obligations countries have to provide care for their citizens, and the role of women in human rights. A groundbreaking contribution to the study of globalization and medicine, Into Africa highlights the importance of transnational partnerships, using the stories of these nuns to enhance the understanding of medical mission work and global change.
Автор: Funmi Olonisakin, Karen Barnes, Eka Ikpe Название: Women, Peace and Security: Translating Policy into Practice ISBN: 0415532493 ISBN-13(EAN): 9780415532495 Издательство: Taylor&Francis Рейтинг: Цена: 57150.00 T Наличие на складе: Есть у поставщика Поставка под заказ. Описание: This book provides a critical assessment of the impact of UN Resolution 1325 by examining the effect of peacebuilding missions on increasing gender equality within conflict-affected countries.
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