Verkhratsky, Alexei Parpura, Vladimir Physiology of astroglia 9781615046720

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Автор: Verkhratsky, Alexei Parpura, Vladimir
Название: Physiology of astroglia
ISBN: 9781615046720
Издательство: Mare Nostrum (Eurospan)
Классификация:

Неврология и клиническая нейрофизиология

ISBN-10: 1615046720
Обложка/Формат: Paperback
Страницы: 172
Вес: 0.34 кг.
Дата издания: 30.03.2015
Серия: Colloquium series on neuroglia in biology and medicine: from physiology to disease
Язык: English
Иллюстрации: Colour illustrations
Размер: 192 x 234 x 11
Читательская аудитория: General (us: trade)
Ключевые слова: Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
Подзаголовок: Channels, receptors, transporters, ion signaling and gliotransmission
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Поставляется из: Англии
Описание: Astrocytes can be defined as the glia inhabiting the nervous system with the main function in the maintenance of nervous tissue homeostasis. Classified into several types according to their morphological appearance, many of astrocytes form a reticular structure known as astroglial syncytium, owing to their coupling via intercellular channels organized into gap junctions. Not only do astrocytes establish such homocellular contacts, but they also engage in intimate heterocellular interactions with neurons, most notably at synaptic sites. As synaptic structures house the very core of information transfer and processing in the nervous system, astroglial perisynaptic positioning assures that these glial cells can nourish neurons and establish bidirectional communication with them, functions outlined in the concepts of the astrocytic cradle and multi-partite synapse, respectively. Astrocytes possess a rich assortment of ligand receptors, ion and water channels, and ion and ligand transporters, which collectively contribute to astrocytic control of homeostasis and excitability. Astroglia control glutamate and adenosine homeostasis to exert modulatory actions affecting the real-time operation of synapses. Fluctuations of intracellular calcium can lead to the release of various chemical transmitters from astrocytes through a process termed gliotransmission. Sodium fluctuations are closely associated to those of calcium with both dynamic events interfacing signaling and metabolism. Astrocytes appear fully integrated into the brain cellular circuitry, being an indispensable part of neural networks.

Physiology of astroglia, Verkhratsky, Alexei Parpura, Vladimir